Coda (album)

Coda
Studio album by Led Zeppelin
Released	19 November 1982
Recorded	9 January 1970 – 21 November 1978
Genre	Hard rock, blues rock, folk rock, heavy metal
Length	33:04
Language	English
Label	Swan Song
Producer	Jimmy Page
Led Zeppelin chronology
In Through the Out Door (1979) Coda (1982)

Coda is the ninth and final studio album^[1] by the English rock band Led Zeppelin, released in 1982. This collection of outtakes from various sessions during Led Zeppelin's twelve-year career was released two years after the group had officially disbanded following the death of drummer John Bonham. The word coda, meaning a passage that ends a musical piece following the main body, was therefore chosen as a title.

Overview

Led Zeppelin guitarist and producer Jimmy Page explained that part of the reasoning for the album's release related to the popularity of unofficial Led Zeppelin recordings which continued to be circulated by fans:

Coda was released, basically, because there was so much bootleg stuff out. We thought, "Well, if there's that much interest, then we may as well put the rest of our studio stuff out".

Led Zeppelin bass player John Paul Jones recalled:

They were good tracks. A lot of it was recorded around the time punk was really happening... basically there wasn't a lot of Zeppelin tracks that didn't go out. We used everything.^[2]

According to the Led Zeppelin biography Hammer of the Gods, the band also owed Atlantic Records one more album from the five album deal that created Swan Song Records in 1974. As such, Coda can be seen as a contractual fulfilment.

"We're Gonna Groove" opens the album and, according to the album notes, was recorded at Morgan Studios in June, 1969. It was later acknowledged to have come from a January, 1970 concert at the Royal Albert Hall, with the guitar parts overdubbed and the original guitar part removed—this can be heard in the original Royal Albert Hall show on 9 January 1970.

"Poor Tom" is from sessions for Led Zeppelin III, having been recorded at Olympic Studios in June 1970.

"I Can't Quit You Baby" is taken from the same concert as "We're Gonna Groove" but was listed as a rehearsal in the original liner notes. The recording was edited to remove overall "live" feel: the crowd noise as well as the beginning and ending of the song were deleted. Crowd tracks were muted on the multitrack mixdown on this recording as with "We're Gonna Groove".

Professional ratings
Review scores
Source	Rating
Allmusic	[3]
Rolling Stone	[4]
Robert Christgau	(B+)[5]

Track listing

Side one
No.	Title	Writer(s)	Length
1.	"We're Gonna Groove" (live)	Ben E. King, James A. Bethea	2:42
2.	"Poor Tom"	Page, Plant	3:03
3.	"I Can't Quit You Baby" (live) (edit)	Willie Dixon	4:18
4.	"Walter's Walk"	Page, Plant	4:31

Side two
No.	Title	Writer(s)	Length
1.	"Ozone Baby"	Page, Plant	3:35
2.	"Darlene"	Bonham, Jones, Page, Plant	5:07
3.	"Bonzo's Montreux"	Bonham	4:19
4.	"Wearing and Tearing"	Page, Plant	5:32

1993 Compact Disc edition Four bonus tracks were added to the remastered compact disc edition included in the career-spanning box set Complete Studio Recordings (Disc 10), and subsequent Definitive Collection Mini LP Replica CD Boxset. The bonus tracks were not included on any other versions of the album.
No.	Title	Writer(s)	Length
9.	"Baby Come On Home" (recorded 1968, appeared on Boxed Set 2, 1993)	Bert Berns, Page, Plant	4:30
10.	"Travelling Riverside Blues" (recorded 1969, appeared on Boxed Set, 1990)	Robert Johnson, Page, Plant	5:11
11.	"White Summer/Black Mountain Side" (recorded live in June 1969, appeared on Boxed Set, 1990)	Page	8:01
12.	"Hey Hey What Can I Do" (recorded 1970, appeared on b-side to "Immigrant Song" single, 1970)	Bonham, Jones, Page, Plant	3:55

Sales chart performance

Album

Chart (1982)	Peak Position
Norwegian Albums Chart[6]	18
UK Albums Chart[7]	4
Japanese Albums Chart[8]	16
US Cash Box Top 100 Albums Chart[9]	6
Canadian RPM Top 100 Albums Chart[10]	3
New Zealand Top 50 Albums Chart[11]	7
German Albums Chart[12]	43
French Albums Chart[13]	18
US Billboard The 200 Albums Chart[14]	6
Australian Kent Music Report Albums Chart	9

Singles

No commercial or promotional singles were issued, although three tracks received independent radio airplay. These songs were Led Zeppelin's debut on the Billboard Mainstream Rock Tracks chart, as the chart did not exist prior to 21 March 1981.

Year	Single	Chart	Position
1982	"Darlene"	Billboard Mainstream Rock	4[citation needed]
1982	"Ozone Baby"	Billboard Mainstream Rock	14[citation needed]
1982	"Poor Tom"	Billboard Mainstream Rock	18[citation needed]

Sales certifications

Region	Certification	Sales/shipments
United Kingdom (BPI)[15]	Silver	60,000^
United States (RIAA)[16]	Platinum	1,000,000^
^shipments figures based on certification alone

Personnel

Led Zeppelin

• John Bonham – drums, percussion
• John Paul Jones – bass guitar, piano, keyboards
• Jimmy Page – acoustic and electric guitar, production, electronic treatments
• Robert Plant – lead vocals, harmonica

Additional personnel

• Barry Diament - mastering (original Compact Disc release)
• Stuart Epps – engineering
• Peter Grant – producer, executive producer
• Andy Johns – engineering
• Eddie Kramer – engineering
• Vic Maile – engineering
• George Marino - remastered Compact Disc
• Leif Mases – engineering
• John Timperley – engineering
• Jack Royerton - mixing

Additional notes

Catalogue: (US) Swan Song 79 00511, (UK) Swan Song A0051.

References

1. ^ While some external sources categorise Coda as a compilation album, Led Zeppelin's official album label, Atlantic Records, categorises it as studio album. See for example the liner notes for the Led Zeppelin Box Set, Vol. 2 and the label attached to the Complete Studio Recordings boxed set.
2. ^ Liner notes for the Led Zeppelin boxed set.
3. ^ Allmusic Review
4. ^ Rolling Stone Review
5. ^ Robert Christgau Review
6. ^ "Top 20 Albums - 28 November 1982". norwegiancharts.com. http://norwegiancharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Led+Zeppelin&titel=Coda&cat=a. Retrieved 19 January 2009. 
7. ^ "Top 100 Albums - 4 December 1982". chartstats.com. http://www.chartstats.com/albuminfo.php?id=7082. Retrieved 19 January 2009. 
8. ^ "Top 100 Albums - 18 December 1982". Oricon. http://www.oricon.co.jp/. Retrieved 19 January 2009. 
9. ^ "Top 100 Albums - 25 December 1982". Cash Box. http://msdb.hp.infoseek.co.jp/cb&bb/album%20top20/82-12.htm. Retrieved 19 January 2009. ^{[dead link]}
10. ^ "RPM Albums Chart - 25 December 1982". RPM. http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/rpm/028020-119.01-e.php?brws_s=1&file_num=nlc008388.6189a&volume=37&issue=19&issue_dt=December%2025%201982&type=1&interval=24&PHPSESSID=hrg50o22lgammqcogv27ve6d95. Retrieved 19 January 2009. 
11. ^ Scapolo, Dean (2007). "Top 50 Albums - December 1982". The Complete New Zealand Music Charts (1st Edition ed.). Wellington: Transpress. ISBN 1-877443-00-8. 
12. ^ "Top 100 Albums - December 1982". charts-surfer.de. http://www.charts-surfer.de/musiksearch.php. Retrieved 19 January 2009. ^{[dead link]}
13. ^ "Top 100 Albums - 1 January 1983". infodisc.fr. http://www.infodisc.fr/B-CD_1983.php. Retrieved 19 January 2009. 
14. ^ "The Billboard 200 - 15 January 1983". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/esearch/chart_display.jsp?cfi=305&cfgn=Albums&cfn=The+Billboard+200&ci=3069683&cdi=8767815&cid=01%2F15%2F1983. Retrieved 19 January 2009. ^{[dead link]}
15. ^ "British album certifications – Led Zeppelin – Coda". British Phonographic Industry. http://www.bpi.co.uk/certifiedawards/search.aspx.  Enter Coda in the field Search. Select Title in the field Search by. Select album in the field By Format. Click Go
16. ^ "American album certifications – Led Zeppelin – Coda". Recording Industry Association of America. http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?artist=%22Coda%22.  If necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select Album, then click SEARCH

External links

• Coda at MusicBrainz