Hugh J. Grant

For other people named Hugh Grant, see Hugh Grant (disambiguation).

Hugh J. Grant

Hugh J. Grant (September 10, 1858 – November 3, 1910) served as mayor of New York City for two terms from 1889 to 1892. He remains the youngest mayor in the city's history. He is also one of the youngest mayors of a major United States city and one of the earliest Roman Catholic mayors of New York City.

Biography

Hugh Grant, whose father had grown rich in politics and real estate, was born on West 27th Street in New York City,^[1] on September 10, 1858.^[2] He was orphaned young and raised by his guardian, a man named McAleer.^[3] He attended both public and private schools, spent two years at Manhattan College, another year studying in Germany, and two more at Columbia Law School.^[4] Though the earliest data, including the United States census of 1860 and 1870 and Grant's 1878 passport application, establish his birth year as 1858, early in his political career he began to present himself as born several years earlier in 1852 or 1853, perhaps to avoid calling attention to his youth.^[2] A Tammany Hall Democrat, he began his political career as a city alderman from 1883–1884, where he managed to be one of only two alderman not caught up in a financial scandal related to the Broadway Surface Railroad. For the remainder of his public career, however, he was a compliant member of Tammany under the patronage and control of its leader Richard Croker.^[1][5]

Grant lost the race for mayor as Tammany’s candidate in 1885 but won the office of Sheriff in 1886. He was Sheriff of New York County from 1887 to 1888. He was Mayor of New York City from 1889 to 1892, appointing Croker as City Chamberlain in 1889. His administrative accomplishments included the reorganization of city administration and the initial stages of placing the city's electrical system underground. He declined to run again at the end of his second term, but ran once more in 1894 and lost.^[6]

The details of Croker's and Tammany's bribes and involvement in criminal activity came to light through the work of the Fassett Investigation of 1890. Grant's role included $25,000 in cash made to Croker’s daughter Flossie - supposedly gifts he made as god-father to the little girl.^[7] A grand jury described Grant's tenure as Sheriff as "tainted and corrupt."^[8] In February 1892, crusading reformist Rev. Charles Parkhurst of the Madison Square Presbyterian Church denounced his administration: "every step that we take looking to the moral betterment of this city has to be taken directly into the teeth of the damnable pack of administrative blood-hounds that are fattening themselves on the ethical flesh and blood of our citizenship." He called Grant and his political colleagues "a lying, perjured, rum-soaked, and libidinous lot" of "polluted harpies."^[9]

Grant's business interests ranged from serving as receiver of the St. Nicholas Bank to promoting the development of the Harlem River Speedway, later to become the Harlem River Drive, a track for horse racing, in association with Nathan Strauss.^[10] Strauss named one of his sons Hugh Grant Straus.^[11]

He died of a sudden heart attack or stroke at home on Nov. 3, 1910.^[3] After a funeral at the church of St. Ignatius Loyola on Park Avenue and 84th Street, he was buried in Calvary Cemetery.^[12]

Marriage

In Washington, DC, on April 30, 1895, Grant wed Julia M. Murphy, the daughter of U.S. Senator Edward Murphy,^[13] a political ally of and financial adviser to Richard Croker.^[14] After traveling for several years in Europe, they lived and raised three children in their 20-room townhouse at 20 East 72nd Street in New York City.^[6]

Julia Grant provided a financial bequest, originally anonymous, that provided the funds for establishing Regis High School in 1914, a Jesuit high school in New York City that, following her instructions, provides a free education for Catholic boys with special consideration given to those who can not afford a Catholic education.

Their home became the residence of the Vatican's Permanent Observer to the United Nations.

References

1. ^ ^{a b} Hamersly, 165
2. ^ ^{a b} New York Times: Michael Pollak, "Answers to Questions About New York," April 15, 2011, accessed June 6, 2011
3. ^ ^{a b} New York Times: "Ex-Mayor Grant Dies Suddenly," November 4, 1910, accessed April 6, 2010
4. ^ Who Was Who in America, IV, 1968
5. ^ Connable and Silberfard, 204ff
6. ^ ^{a b} Doyle News: "The Collection of Hugh J. Grant and Lucie Mackey Grant"
7. ^ New York Times: "Senator Fassett Smiles," April 27, 1890, accessed May 7, 2011; Allen, 179-80; Werner, 320-3; Connable and Silberfarb, 209
8. ^ Werner, 323
9. ^ Peter Hartshorn, I Have Seen the Future: A Life of Lincoln Steffens (Counterpoint, 2011), 42
10. ^ Hamersly, 166
11. ^ Straus Historical Society: Strauss Family Newsletter, "Nathan Straus, 1848-1931," v. 6 no. 2 (August, 1998), 5, accessed April 6, 2010
12. ^ New York Times: "Crowd at Grant Funeral," November 8, 1910, accessed April 6, 2010
13. ^ New York Times: "Ex-Mayor Grant Married," May, 1, 1895, accessed April 6, 2010
14. ^ Stoddard, 72, 127, 149, 201-2

Sources

• Oliver E. Allen, The Tiger: The Rise and Fall of Tammany Hall (Addison-Wesley, 1993)
• Alfred Connable and Edward Silberfard, Tigers of Tammany: Nine Men who Ran New York (NY: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1967)
• Lewis Randolph Hamersly, First Citizens of the Republic: An Historical Work Giving Portraits and Sketches of the Most Eminent Citizens of the United States (NY: L.R. Hamersly & Co., 1906)
• Lothrop Stoddard, Master of Manhattan: The Life of Richard Croker (NY: Longmans, Green and Co., 1931)
• M.R. Werner, Tammany Hall (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Doran & Company, 1928)

Political offices
Preceded by Abram Hewitt	Mayor of New York City 1889–1892	Succeeded by Thomas Francis Gilroy

Persondata
Name	Grant, Hugh J.
Alternative names
Short description	Mayor of New York City
Date of birth	September 10, 1858
Place of birth	New York, NY
Date of death	November 3, 1910
Place of death	New York, NY