Cypraeoidea

Cypraeoidea
A live cowry Cypraea chinensis, with its mantle fully extended, head end to the left
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
(unranked):	clade Caenogastropoda clade Hypsogastropoda clade Littorinimorpha
Superfamily:	Cypraeoidea Rafinesque, 1815

Cypraeoidea, the cowries and cowry allies, is a superfamily of sea snails, marine gastropods included in the clade Littorinimorpha. This superfamily was previously called Cypraeacea and was named by Rafinesque in 1815.

Shell description

This superfamily of sea snails have adult shells which do not look like typical gastropod shells because the spire of the shell is not visible in adults, instead the shells are: often quite rounded in shape, varying from globular to elongate, and with a long, very narrow, aperture which is sometimes toothed. The snails in these families have no operculum.

The shells of almost every species in this superfamily are very smooth and shiny, and this is because in the living animal, the shell is nearly always fully covered with the mantle.

Nomenclature

This superfamily was previously known as Cypraeacea. Prior to the recent ruling by the ICZN, many invertebrate superfamily names ended in the suffix -acea, or -aceae, not -oidea as now required according the ICZN article 29.2. The suffix -oidea used to be used for some subclasses and superorders, where it is stll found. In much of the older literature including Keen 1958, gastropod superfamilies are written with the suffix -acea.^[1][2][3]

Taxonomy

2005 taxonomy

The following two subfamilies were recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005):

• Cypraeidae
• Ovulidae

2007 taxonomy

Fehse (2007)^[4] elevated the subfamily Pediculariinae to the family Pediculariidae, and the tribe Eocypraeini to the family Eocypraeidae. Both of these groups were removed from the Ovulidae and raised to family level, based on research on their morphological and molecular phylogenic qualities.^[4] Families within Cypraeoidea are as follows:

• Cypraeidae
• Eocypraeidae
• Ovulidae
• Pediculariidae

References

1. ^ Keen A. M. (1958). Sea Shells of Tropical West America. Stanford University Press.
2. ^ Moore, Lalicker & Fischer (1952). Invertebrate Fossils. McGraw-Hill Book.
3. ^ Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology; part K (Nautiloidea) 1964 and part L (Ammonoidea) 1962; Geological Society of America and Univ. of Kansas Press.
4. ^ ^{a b} Fehse D. (2007). "Contributions to the knowledge of the Ovulidae. XVI. The higher systematics". Spixiana 30(1): 121-125. PDF.

External links