Discovered attack

Discovered attack

In chess, a discovered attack is an attack revealed when one piece moves out of the way of another.[1] Discovered attacks can be extremely powerful, as the piece moved can make a threat independently of the piece it reveals. Like many chess tactics, they succeed because the opponent is unable to meet two threats at once. While typically the consequence of a discovered attack is the gain of material, they do not have to do this to be effective; the tactic can be used merely to gain a tempo.[2]

Contents


Types

When the moving piece gives check to the opponent's king, the maneuver is often described as a discovered attack with check. When the discovered attack is itself a check, it is called a discovered check. If both pieces give check, a double check results.

Discovered attacks—especially checks—can win material when the moving piece captures an opposing piece nominally protected by another opposing piece. If the opponent deals with the discovered attack (obligatory if it is a check), the attacking player will have time to return the moving piece out of harm's way. This scenario is often referred to as a discovered attack (or check) with capture.

When the moving piece moves to a square from which it threatens to inflict checkmate on the next move, the tactic is called a discovered attack with mate threat. A discovered checkmate itself is also possible.

Example

Solid white.svg a b c d e f g h Solid white.svg
8  black rook  black king  black bishop  black king  black king  black bishop  black knight  black rook 8
7  black pawn  black pawn  black king  black king  black king  black pawn  black pawn  black pawn 7
6  black king  black king  black king  black king  black pawn  black king  black king  black king 6
5  black king  cross  black king  black pawn  white pawn  black king  black king  black king 5
4  black king  black king  black king  black queen  black king  black king  black king  black king 4
3  black king  black king  black king  white bishop  black king  black king  black king  black king 3
2  white pawn  white pawn  black king  black king  black king  white pawn  white pawn  white pawn 2
1  white rook  white knight  white bishop  white queen  white king  black king  black king  white rook 1
Solid white.svg a b c d e f g h Solid white.svg
Position after 6. ... Qxd4. 7. Bb5+ (×) wins Black's queen using a discovered attack with check.

The diagram illustrates a trap in the Advance Variation of the French Defence, based on a discovered attack. If after 1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.e5 c5 4.c3 cxd4 5.cxd4 Qb6 6.Bd3, Black mistakenly attempts to win White's d4 pawn with 6. ... Qxd4?? (diagram), White can play 7.Bb5+, a discovered attack (of Black's queen with White's queen) with check. Black must get out of check, then White can follow up with 8.Qxd4.

References

  1. ^ Discovered Attack Article at Chesscorner.com
  2. ^ More detailed tutorial at MarkLowery.net[dead link]

External links


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