USS Rhode Island (1861)

USS Rhode Island (1861)

The first USS "Rhode Island" was a side-wheel steamer in the United States Navy, commissioned in 1861.

"Rhode Island" was built at New York, New York, in 1860 by Lupton & McDermut as "John P. King"; burned and rebuilt and renamed "Eagle" in "1861" before being purchased by the Navy on 27 June 1861 from Spofford, Tileston & Company, at New York; renamed "Rhode Island"; and commissioned at New York Navy Yard 29 July 1861, Comdr. Stephen D. Trenchard in command.

During the American Civil War, "Rhode Island" was employed as a supply ship, visiting various ports and ships with mail, paymasters officers stores, medicine, and other supplies. She departed New York on her first cruise 31 July 1861, returning on 2 September. While cruising off Galveston, Texas, "Rhode Island" captured the schooner "Venus" attempting to run the blockade with a cargo of lead, copper, tin, and wood. During the remainder of 1861 and 1862 "Rhode Island" continued her essential support duties. Departing Philadelphia 5 February 1862, she supplied 98 vessels with various stores before returning to Hampton Roads, Virginia, on 18 March; on another trip from 5 April to 20 May 1862 she supplied 118 vessels.

Assigned to support the Gulf Blockading Squadron from 17 April 1862, "Rhode Island" chased and forced ashore the British schooner "Richard O'Bryan" near San Luis Pass on 4 July 1862. Returning to the north, "Rhode Island's" next duties were towing the low-freeboard monitors "Monitor", "Passaic", "Montauk", and "Weehawken" south from Hampton Roads to Beaufort, North Carolina, or Port Royal, South Carolina. On 29 December 1862 "Rhode Island" departed Hampton Roads with the famous "Monitor" in tow and the "Passaic" in company. As the ships rounded Cape Hatteras on the evening of 30 December, they encountered a heavy storm. "Monitor's" pumps were unable to control flooding caused by underwater leaks so that the order to abandon ship had to be given. Before "Monitor's" crew could be completely transferred to "Rhode Island", the ironclad sank, taking four officers and 12 enlisted men with her. "Rhode Island" endeavored to remain as near as possible to the position in which "Monitor" sank so as to fix the location, some 20 miles (32 km) south, southwest of Cape Hatteras and to await daylight to search for a missing small boat.

On 29 January 1863 "Rhode Island" was ordered to the West Indies to join in the search for the Confederate steamers "Oreto" and "Alabama". Unable to help locate the Confederate warships, she did succeed in driving the blockade runner "Margaret and Jessie" ashore at Stirrup Cay on 30 May. Continuing her cruising on the Atlantic coast, "Rhode Island" achieved a fourth victory on 16 August when she captured the British blockade runner "Cronstadt" north of Man of War Bay, Abaco, Bahamas with a cargo of cotton, turpentine, and tobacco.

With defective boilers requiring repair, "Rhode Island" entered Boston Navy Yard 28 March 1864 for overhaul and was decommissioned there 21 April. Extensive alterations were made transforming "Rhode Island" into an auxiliary cruiser mounting one 11-inch gun, eight 8-inch (203 mm) guns, one 30 pounder (14 kg) Parrott rifle, and 1 12 pounder (5 kg) rifle. Ordered to tow the monitor "Monadnock" from Boston to New York on 26 September 1864, "Rhode Island" recommissioned 3 October 1864 and joined the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron soon afterward.

Employed in cruising along Confederate-controlled coasts "Rhode Island's" duty was highlighted by the capture of the British blockade runner "Vixen" on 1 December 1864. Sailing from Hampton Roads 11 December with the monitor "Canonicus" in tow, "Rhode Island" joined the squadron attacking Fort Fisher, taking part in the first assault on 24 December and the second, successful attempt of 13-15 January 1865.

Ordered to tow the monitor "Saugus" from Federal Point, North Carolina, to Norfolk, Virginia, on 16 January 1865, "Rhode Island" subsequently cruised in company with the seagoing monitor "Dictator" in March. In May "Rhode Island" made a cruise to Mobile, Alabama, returning to Hampton Roads on 22 May.

Maintained in commission in the years immediately following the end of the Civil War, "Rhode Island's" first duty was to help bring the formidable former Confederate armored ram Stonewall to the United States. Departing 21 October for Havana in company with "Hornet", "Rhode Island" returned with the French-built "Stonewall" on 23 November.

Throughout 1866, "Rhode Island" continued to cruise in the Atlantic and West Indies, from April 1866 flying the flag of Rear Admiral James S. Palmer. Calling once at Halifax in 1867 before being decommissioned, "Rhode Island" was sold to G. W. Quintard on 1 October 1867. Redocumented "Charleston" on 8 November 1867, the side-wheeler remained in merchant service until abandoned in 1885.

See also

See USS "Rhode Island" for other ships named for the state of Rhode Island.

External links

* [http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/sh-usn/usnsh-r/rhode-i.htm Photos of USS "Rhode Island"]


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