Châteaubriant

Châteaubriant

Châteaubriant

Chateaub3.jpg
The Chère at Châteaubriant.
Châteaubriant is located in France
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Châteaubriant
Administration
Country France
Region Pays de la Loire
Department Loire-Atlantique
Arrondissement Châteaubriant
Canton Châteaubriant
Intercommunality Castelbriantais
Mayor Alain Hunault
(2001–present)
Statistics
Elevation 48–107 m (157–351 ft)
(avg. 70 m/230 ft)
Land area1 33.62 km2 (12.98 sq mi)
Population2 12,850  (2009)
 - Density 382 /km2 (990 /sq mi)
INSEE/Postal code 44036/ 44110
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.
2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

Coordinates: 47°43′04″N 1°22′30″W / 47.7177777778°N 1.375°W / 47.7177777778; -1.375

Châteaubriant (Breton: Kastell-Briant) is a commune in the Loire-Atlantique department and the Pays de la Loire region in western France. It is part of the historic duchy of Brittany and the country of Mée.

The inhabitants of Châteaubriant are called Castelbriantais and Castelbriantaises.

Contents

Geography

Location of Châteaubriant in the Department Loire-Atlantique.

Châteaubriant lies 49 km (30 mi) north of Ancenis, 68 km (42 mi) south of Rennes, 69 km (43 mi) north of Nantes, and 85 km (53 mi) west of Angers.

The neighboring communes are Rougé, Saint-Aubin-des-Châteaux, Louisfert, Erbray, and Soudan.

The river Chère flows westward through the commune and crosses the town.

History

Châteaubriant's history began in the 11th century when Brient (an envoy of the Count of Rennes) constructed a castle on a motte bordering the Chère and Rollard rivers. He later founded the Priory Saint-Sauveur-de-Béré. The fortress was a part of eastern Brittany's defensive line, known as the Marches of Brittany, along with the other fortified townships of Vitré and Fougères (both in Ille-et-Vilaine) and Ancenis and Clisson (both in Loire Atlantique), which formed the first line of defense against the French Kingdom. Later in the 12th century a town developed around the western flank of the castle and was called Châteaubriant. As the castle was in a very strategic location, the town was subjected to numerous battles and invasions during the Middle Ages. One of the largest sieges is surely the one commissioned by Louis IX in 1235. Insecurity led the lords to raise ramparts and strengthen the fortifications around the town, which encircled it from the thirteenth century to the 15th century.

The 16th century was marked by the actions of Jean de Laval, governor of Brittany from 1531 to 1542, who modified and built the three Renaissance wings of the castle for his wife Françoise de Foix. Jean de Laval went on to bequeath his barony to Anne de Montmorency.

After the Revolution, Brutus Hugo, and young Republican lieutenant, met a young Nantaise exile, Sophie Trébuchet. They had a son: Victor Hugo. The house of Sophie Trébuchet still exists and is located near the Maison de l'Ange which currently houses the Tourist Information Office.

In October 1941, 27 Communist hostages (imprisoned by the Republican government during the run-up to WWII and by the Vichy police in the fall of 1941) in the Châteaubriant Internment Camp were handed over to the Nazis and shot by a firing squad in revenge for the murder of the German lieutenant-colonel Karl Hotz on 20 October 1941 in Nantes. The youngest of the 27 hostages, Guy Môquet, was 17 years old. The place of execution, known as the Carrière des Fusillés is one of the principal memorials to the Nazi occupation in the region.

Administration

Vestiges of Medieval Brittany mingle with signs of modern civilization in this simulated natural colour satellite image of Châteaubriant.
List of successive mayors
Period Name Party
March 2001 Alain Hunault UMP
June 1995 Martine Buron PS
March 1989 Martine Buron PS '

Demography

Historical population of Châteaubriant
1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999
10 852 11 986 13 231 14 023 12 783 12 065
From the year 1962 on: population without double counting—residents of multiple communes (e.g. students and military personnel) are counted only once.

Coat of arms

Two coats of arms are attributed :

  • First Pale: Blue, three gold fleurs de lys, Pales split in two by a shortened staff with a red hache. (La France illustrée, 1882, de Malte-Brun)
  • Red haches, semy of gold fleur-de-lis. (La France illustrée, 1882, de Malte-Brun)

Notable people

Monuments and sites of interest

  • Château de Châteaubriant
  • Église Saint-Jean de Béré: 10th Century Parish.
  • Carrière des Fusillés: Memorial dedicated to those executed by Germans in revenge for the assassination of their Lieutenant-Colonel Karl Holtz in Nantes on 22 October 1941.

Sister cities

See also

External links


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Chateaubriant — Châteaubriant (Kastell Briant) …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Châteaubriant — (Kastell Briant) …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Châteaubriant — Escudo …   Wikipedia Español

  • Chateaubriant — (spr. Schatohbriang), Françoise de Foix, Comtesse de Ch., geb. 1475; Schwester des Grafen von Lautrec u. des Grafen von Foix, heirathete den Grafen von Ch. u. wurde die Geliebte Franz I., der sie indeß um der Herzogin von Estampes willen verstieß …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Châteaubriant — (spr. schatobrijáng), Arrondissementshauptstadt im franz. Depart. Niederloire, an der Chère, Knotenpunkt der West und Orléansbahn, hat eine romanische Kirche, St. Jean de Béré, von 1114, ein Schloß (in dem die Maitresse Franz I., Franziska von… …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Châteaubriant — (spr. schatobrĭáng), Stadt im franz. Dep. Loire Inférieure, an der Chère, (1901) 7234 E.; hier das Religionsedikt Heinrichs II. gegen die Reformierten, vom 27. Juni 1551 erlassen …   Kleines Konversations-Lexikon

  • Châteaubriant — (frz. Schatobriang), Stadt im Depart. Niederloire am Cher, 4100 E.; Wollenzeuge, berühmte Pasteten und Confituren. 1551 den 27. Juni Edict König Heinrichs II. gegen die Hugenotten …   Herders Conversations-Lexikon

  • Châteaubriant — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Chateaubriant. 47° 43′ 04″ N 1° 22′ 30″ W …   Wikipédia en Français

  • châteaubriant — chateaubriand ou châteaubriant [ ʃatobrijɑ̃ ] n. m. • 1857, 1856; du nom de l écrivain dont le cuisinier aurait inventé la recette, ou du nom de la ville de Châteaubriant (Loire Atlantique) ♦ Épaisse tranche de filet de bœuf grillé (⇒ bifteck).… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Chateaubriant — Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom. Châteaubriant ou chateaubriand peut désigner : François René de Chateaubriand, (1768 1848) écrivain et homme politique français Céleste de… …   Wikipédia en Français

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