Thermophoresis

Thermophoresis

Thermophoresis, also called thermodiffusion or Soret effect [cite journal | author= Stefan Duhr, and Dieter Braun | title= Why molecules move along a temperature gradient | journal= PNAS | year= 2006 | volume= 103 | pages= 19678–19682 | doi= 10.1073/pnas.0603873103 | pmid= 17164337 [http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/short/103/52/19678] ] , is the effect of a temperature gradient on multicomponent (or isotopic) mixtures of particles. Thermal diffusion is regarded as "positive" when molecules move from a hot to cold region and "negative" when the reverse is true. Typically the heavier/larger species in a mixture exhibits positive thermophoretic behavior while the lighter/smaller species exhibit negative behavior.

This effect is relevant to planetary differentiation and is exploited in the manufacturing of optical fiber and uranium enrichment. It can be important as a transport mechanism in fouling of heat exchangers.

References


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