Battle Hymn (film)

Infobox Film
name = Battle Hymn


caption = Original film poster
director = Douglas Sirk
producer = Ross Hunter
writer = Vincent B. Evans
Charles Grayson
starring = Rock Hudson
Anna Kashfi
Dan Duryea
music = Frank Skinner
cinematography = Russell Metty
editing = Russell F. Schoengarth
distributor = Universal Studios
released = 14 February 1957 (USA)
runtime = 108 min.
country = USA
language = English
budget =
preceded_by =
followed_by =
amg_id =
imdb_id = 0050171

"Battle Hymn" (1957) is a Universal Studios feature film starring Rock Hudson as Colonel Dean E. Hess, a real-life United States Air Force fighter pilot in the Korean War. Hess's autobiography of the same name was published concurrently with the release of the film. He donated his profits from the film and the book to a network of orphanages he helped to establish. The film was directed by Douglas Sirk and produced by Ross Hunter.

Plot

In the film, Hess had accidentally dropped a bomb on an orphanage in Germany during World War II, killing 37 orphans; he enters the ministry after this, but at the start of the Korean War, he volunteers to return to the cockpit and is assigned as the senior USAF advisor/Instructor Pilot to the Republic of Korea Air Force, flying F-51D Mustangs. As he and his cadre of USAF instructors train the South Korean pilots, several orphaned war refugees gather at the base, and he solicits the aid of two Korean adults (En Soon Yang, played by Anna Kashfi, and Lun Wa, played by Philip Ahn) and establishes a shelter for the orphans. When the Communists begin an offensive in the area, Hess evacuates the orphans on foot and then later, after much struggle with higher headquarters, obtains an airlift of USAF cargo planes to evacuate them to the island of Cheju where a more permanent orphanage is established.

Cast

* Rock Hudson as Col. Dean Hess
* Anna Kashfi as En Soon Yang
* Dan Duryea as Sgt. Herman
* Don DeFore as Capt. Dan Skidmore
* Martha Hyer as Mary Hess
* Jock Mahoney as Maj. Moore
* Alan Hale Jr. as Mess sergeant

Production

Lt. Col. Hess was a technical advisor to Universal to ensure that the final production did not stray far from his original biography. Nonetheless, the inevitable "Hollywood" screenplay prevailed. [ Farmer 1986, p. 68–69.] Unable to film in Korea, locations shifted to Nogales, Arizona that provided at least a modicum of similar landscape. On Soon Whang, Director of the Orphans Home of Korea arrived in the U.S. along with 25 orphans who would reprise their own lives on film. [Farmer 1986, p. 69.]

In order to replicate the ROK unit, the 12 F-51D Mustangs of 182nd Air National Guard Squadron of the 149th Fighter Group of the Texas ANG were enlisted by the USAF to provide the necessary authentic aircraft of the period. During filming, an additional surplus F-51 was acquired from USAF stocks to be used in an accident scene where it would be deliberately destroyed. [Farmer 1986, p. 70.]

The gold flying helmet with the United Nations emblem that Rock Hudson wears in the movie was Dean Hess's actual helmet. It was a Navy-issue helmet that Hess scrounged from a Navy pilot who crash-landed at their airfield in Korea (since the Navy pilot was going to be issued a new helmet as a result of the crash-landing). The helmet is now on display at the National Museum of the United States Air Force at Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, Ohio.

Differences between the film and actual events

There were significant differences between the film and real life as recorded in Hess's book. Most prominently, On Soon Whang, Director of the Orphans Home of Korea, incorrectly identified as En Soon Yang in the film, was approximately 50 years old at the time, and was Korean (instead of half-Indian to match Anna Kashfi's screen image). On Soon Whang was a personal friend of Mr. and Mrs. Syngman Rhee, the President and First Lady of the Republic of Korea, and was introduced to Hess by them and she survived the war, meeting Hess in 1954. Hess had already been an ordained minister when he became a fighter pilot in World War II, was not nearly as emotionally affected by the accidental bombing of the German orphanage as depicted, and was recalled to active duty in July 1948, two years before the start of the Korean War.

In the film, there was an incident where a pilot named Lieutenant Maples (played by James Edwards) accidentally strafes a truckload of civilian refugees that happened to be near a convoy of North Korean troop trucks. In the real-life incident, it was a fishing junk full of civilian refugees that happened to be near an amphibious assault by North Korean landing craft.

Reception

Bosley Crowther dismissed the film in the "New York Times" of February 16, 1957 writing, "Perhaps the most candid comment to be made about Universal's "Battle Hymn" is also the most propitious, so far as its box-office chances are concerned. That is to say, it is conventional. It follows religiously the line of mingled piety and pugnacity laid down for standard idealistic service films. What's more, it has Rock Hudson playing the big hero role. And it is in CinemaScope and color. Wrap them up and what have you got? The popular thing." [ [http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9C04E4DB113BE433A25755C1A9649C946692D6CF "New York Times" Review] ]

Popular culture

A poster for "Battle Hymn" appears outside the movie theater in the pilot episode of "The Twilight Zone", "Where Is Everybody?"

References

Notes

Bibliography

* Dolan, Edward F. Jr. "Hollywood Goes to War". London: Bison Books, 1985. ISBN 0-86124-229-7.
* Farmer, James H. "By Faith I Fly: The Remarkable Story of Fighter Pilot and Minister Dean Hess and the Making of his 1956 Film Biography: Battle Hymn." "Air Classics" Vol. 22, No. 6, June 1986.
* Hardwick, Jack and Schnepf, Ed. "A Viewer's Guide to Aviation Movies". "The Making of the Great Aviation Films", General Aviation Series, Volume 2, 1989.

External links

*imdb title|id=0050171|title=Battle Hymn