Pusat Tenaga Raayat

Pusat Tenaga Raayat

The Pusat Tenaga Raayat (PUTERA) was a major political party in Malaysia opposed to the United Malays National Organization and the Malay-supremacist ideology of "Ketuanan Melayu". It formed an opposition coalition with the All-Malaya Council of Joint Action. "Raayat" is the archaic spelling for the Malay word "rakyat" which means "citizens".


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  • Pusat Tenaga Ra'ayat — The Pusat Tenaga Raayat (PUTERA) was a major political party in Malaysia opposed to the United Malays National Organization and the Malay supremacist ideology of Ketuanan Melayu . It formed an opposition coalition with the All Malaya Council of… …   Wikipedia

  • Early Malay nationalism — before Malaysian independence did not exist as a united and organised political movement prior to World War II. The concept of ketuanan Melayu (Malay hegemony) was largely irrelevant at the time, as the Chinese and Indians, who formed almost half …   Wikipedia

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