Night Limited

Night Limited
Overview
Service type	Inter-city rail
Status	Superseeded
Locale	North Island, New Zealand
First service	1924
Last service	1971
Current operator(s)	New Zealand Railways Department
Route
Start	Wellington Railway Station, Wellington City (1937 - 1971) Wellington Thorndon station, Wellington City (1924 - 1937)
End	Auckland Railway Station, Auckland City
Distance travelled	681 km (423 mi)
Average journey time	14 hours
Service frequency	Daily each way
On-board services
Class(es)	First and second class
Seating arrangements	Bench seating
Sleeping arrangements	Twin-berth cabins (first class only)
Catering facilities	10-minute stops at refreshment rooms along route
Technical
Gauge	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)

The Night Limited was an express passenger train that operated in New Zealand between Wellington and Auckland, utilising the entire length of the North Island Main Trunk. It commenced service in 1924 and was replaced by the Silver Star in 1971 and supplemented by the Northerner Express in 1975.

Introduction

When the North Island Main Trunk Railway was completed in 1908, services between Auckland and Wellington were slow and tedious, taking two days to complete the journey. The first expresses ran in February 1909 and took approximately 18 hours from end to end. The Night Limited was introduced in 1924 to provide a quicker service. Its name stemmed from the fact it ran overnight and had limited stops. A^B class steam locomotives were employed to haul the service, and this factor combined with the reduced stops allowed the reduction in travel time to just over 14 hours.

Operation

The Night Limited's heyday was in the 1930s, when multiple extra services had to be run at the peak Christmas and Easter holiday periods to cater for the traffic volume. Accommodation on board was primarily seated, although first class sleeping cars were utilised. The sleeping cars had sixteen two-person cabins reached by a corridor along one side of the carriage.^[1] Dining cars were never used on the Night Limited as they had been withdrawn as a World War I-era economy measure and not re-introduced to the North Island during the Night Limited's time. Passengers could purchase refreshments at stops along the journey.

During the 1950s, demand began to significantly decline as competition from aeroplanes and the private car increased. Business travellers increasingly opted for other options, although the schedule was steadily improved to 13.5 hours each way and diesel haulage introduced in the 1960s.

Motive power in the days of steam was typically the most powerful and efficient locomotives available. A^B class locomotives were superseded by members of classes such as the J, K, and K^A. After the end of steam, diesel-electric motive power was typically provided by members of the DA class.

Replacement

The New Zealand Railways Department began investigating the introduction of an upmarket overnight service in 1968 to recapture some of the patronage it had lost. This service, named the Silver Star, was introduced in September 1971 and replaced the Night Limited. An unnamed ordinary express continued to operate nightly between Auckland and Wellington, providing transport for less than the Silver Star's premium fares and stopping at more stations. In November 1975 this express was renovated and re-introduced as the Northerner, withdrawn in 2004.

Notes

• ^ Encyclopaedia of New Zealand 1966 - Train Services and New Zealand's History Online - Travelling By Train
• Photo of new 56 foot second class carriages c1938