Huizhou Chinese

Huizhou Chinese

: "The Hui ("徽") dialects are unrelated to the Hui ("回") ethnic group of China."language
name=Hui
nativename=徽语 "Huīyǔ"
states=China
region=southern Anhui, neighbouring portions of Zhejiang and Jiangxi, about 12 counties in total
speakers=3.2 million
familycolor=Sino-Tibetan
fam2=Chinese
iso1=zh|iso2b=chi|iso2t=zho|iso3=czh

Huizhou, or "Huizhou-hua" (Simplified Chinese: 徽州话; Traditional Chinese: 徽州話; Hanyu Pinyin: Huīzhōuhuà), also known as "Hui-yu" (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Hanyu Pinyin: Huīyǔ), is a subdivision of spoken Chinese. Its exact status is greatly disputed among linguists. Some prefer to classify it under Wu, others prefer to classify it under Gan, still others set it apart as an independent primary branch of Chinese.

Hui is spoken over a small area compared to other Chinese varieties: in and around the historical region of Huizhou (for which it is named), in about ten or so mountainous counties in southern Anhui, plus a few more in neighbouring Zhejiang and Jiangxi. Despite its small size, Hui displays a very high degree of internal variation. Nearly every county has its own distinct dialect unintelligible to a speaker a few counties away. It is for this reason that bilingualism and multilingualism are common among speakers of Hui.

Like all other varieties of Chinese, there is plenty of dispute as to whether Hui is a language or a dialect. See Identification of the varieties of Chinese for the issues surrounding this dispute.

Dialects

Hui can be divided into five dialects:

* Jixi-Shexian, spoken in Jixi, She County, Huizhou, Jingde, and Ningguo, Anhui province, as well as Chun'an, Zhejiang province
* Xiuning-Yixian, spoken in Tunxi, Taiping, Xiuning, Yi County, and Qimen, as well as Wuyuan, Jiangxi province
* Qimen-Dexing, spoken in Qimen and Dongzhi, Anhui province, as well as Fuliang, Dexing, and Wuyuan, Jiangxi province
* Yanzhou, spoken in Chun'an and Jiande, Zhejiang province
* Jingde-Zhanda, spoken in Jingde, Qimen, Shitai, Yi County, and Ningguo, Anhui province

Features

Phonologically speaking, Hui is noted for its massive loss of codas, including -i, -u, and nasals:Many dialects of Hui have diphthongs with a higher, lengthened first part. For example, 話 "speech" is IPA|/uːɜ/ in Xiuning County (Putonghua IPA|/xuɑ/), 園 "yard" is IPA|/yːɛ/ in Xiuning County (Putonghua IPA|/yɛn/); 結 "knot" is IPA|/tɕiːaʔ/ in Yi County (Putonghua IPA|/tɕiɛ/), 約 "agreement" is IPA|/iːuʔ/ in Yi County (Putonghua IPA|/yɛ/). A few areas take this to extremes. For example, Likou in Qimen County has IPA|/fũːmɛ̃/ for 飯 "rice" (Putonghua IPA|/fan/), with the IPA|/m/ appearing directly as a result of the lengthened, nasalized IPA|/ũː/.

Because nasal codas have mostly dropped off, Hui reuses the IPA|/-n/ ending as a diminutive. For example, in the Tunxi dialect, there is 索 "rope" IPA|/soːn/ < IPA|/soʔ/ + IPA|/-n/.

External links

* [http://www.glossika.com/en/dict/classification/huainan/index.php Classification of Hui Dialects]


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