- End-blown flute
The end-blown flute or rim-blown flute is a keyless
woodwind instrument played by directing an airstream against the sharp edge of the upper end of a tube. Unlike arecorder ortin whistle , there isn't a ducted flue voicing, mistakenly called afipple by some. Most rim-blown flutes are "oblique" flutes, being played at an angle to the body's vertical axis. They generate sound by at this end blown voicing bysiphon effect. These oscillations are called aVon Karman vortex street .End-blown flutes are widespread in folk music and art music. In the
Middle East andMediterranean theney is frequently used, constructed from reed. Depictions of early versions of the ney can be found in wall paintings in thepyramid s ofEgypt , indicating that it is one of the oldest musical instruments in continuous use. Further, several ancient Persian artworks also depict the use ofNey inPersian traditional music .In
Turkey the nai andkaval are both end-blown, although one type of Turkish kaval ("dilli kaval") has a fipple. The Turkish ney plays a prominent role in classical Turkish music and Mevlevi music. The Arab "nay" and the Persian "ney" are similar to the Turkish ney. China has the xiao,Japan has theshakuhachi andKorea has thedanso andtongso . People of theAndes play thequena , theHopi and their predecessors the Anasazi of the American southwest have and had a flute similar to the ney. Thewashint is anEast Africa n flute.Panpipes are rim-blown in the same fashion with their lower ends stopped, bound together in a row or "raft".See also
*
Transverse flute
*Vertical flute
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