Macaé

:"Macaé de Cima is a different locality in Rio de Janeiro state, situated in the municipality of Nova Friburgo, between the cities of Cachoeiras de Macacu and Silva Jardim."

Macaé is a city and a municipal authority located in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro . Its population was recorded as 156,410 in (2005) and the municipal covers an area of 1,216 km². [IBGE - [http://www.ibge.gov.br/cidadesat/default.php] ]

Macaé is generally considered to be the centre of the Brazilian offshore petroleum industry. As a consequence it is often referred to as "Cidade do Petróleo" ("City of Petroleum"). The Brazilian state-controlled oil company - Petrobras - has many facilities within the town. Macaé is one of the fastest-growing cities in Brazil; the local authority has predicted that the city will reach between 180,000 and 200,000 by 2014.

Brazil became self-sufficient in oil in 2007 and the city of Macaé contributes to much of the country's production - which is based off-shore in the Campos Basin.

Other economic activities in the city include tourism and fishing. These two sectors were very important for the city's revenues before the 1980s. The city has a growing reputation for high-quality technical education and training.

The tourism industry has gone through something of a rebirth since the 1990s due to increased investments, vastly improved hotel facilities and the fact that the city has a beautiful coastline. Its most famous beaches are Cavaleiros and Pecado. The interior of the municipal is blessed with spectacular hilly scenery, lush farmland and interesting small rural towns such as Sana, and Frade. The municipal is located 180 km north of the city of Rio de Janeiro, a road journey of approximately three hours.

The city has an expatriate community (mainly English-speaking) of around 1,000 people - many of whom are connected directly or indirectly to the oil and gas industry.

Apart from the beaches, few first class restaurants and some 5-star hotels, the city itself offers little for international tourists.

History

The discoveries of sambaquis on Imbetiba beach proves that this region was populated by indigenous tribes thousands of years ago. The first colonists arrived in the region to find two rival tribes - the Tamoios and the Goitacás. The area which the current city now occupies was part of the Captainship of Are Tomé, stretching from the River Itabapoana to the River Macaé. Originally inhabited in 1580, when Portugal was found under the domain of Spain. To prevent invasions of enemies, a village of Indians catequizados for priests of the Company of Jesus was created. (Jesuit) The first registers of the Jesuits in Macaé date of 1634. In the principle an agricultural farm was established to the edge of the river Macaé and next to the Mount to Sant'Anna, that in running of the years was being known as Farm of Macaé or Farm of the Sant'Anna. In the base of the mount, between this and the river, the necessary dependences and farmings had raised a device of sugar with all. Beyond the sugar, they produced cassava flour in amount and extracted wood for naval constructions and constructions. In the high one of the mount a college was constructed, to the side a chapel and a small cemetery, that keeps today until the mortal remains of some Jesuits. In 1759 the farm was incorporated the goods of the crown for the appeals court judge João Cardoso de Menezes. In this occasion the Jesuits had been expulsos of Brazil, imposition made for the Marquis of Pigeon house. Thus Macaé was born, but with the expulsion of the Jesuit priests the pirates had become the invadiz it. In 1813 the City was raised, and in 1846 the Village of Macaé passed the condition of City. As the sugar and coffee production if they had expanded very and the Port of They are João of the Bar was not more giving account of the movement, initiates then in 1872 the construction of the canal Fields-Macaé, with 109 km. In 1875, with the construction of the railroad Macaé-Fields, the port entered in decay. The railway later brought new impulse and the tracks of the Railroad Leopoldina. Until the City has little time remained agricultural, however with the discovery of oil in the coast, its economy was transformed. A great amount of specialized man power appears in the city, coming of some parts of the world, making with that the commerce if expands.

Demography

In 2004 the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics(IBGE) estimate the population of Macaé as 156.410 inhabitants. The National Department of Transit (Denatran) census in 2003 recorded a fleet of 36.821 vehicles. (The electorate according to the Electoral Regional Court (TRE-RJ)) The number of voters registered in Macaé was 97.184, divided in two electoral zones and 268 sections. In the last elections, 84,054 (86.49%) of the voters exercised their right to vote.

Economy

Since the 1970s, when Petrobras chose Macaé to site its headquarters in the Campos Basin, the city has had a population boom. More than four thousand companies have set up offices the city and the population has tripled. Today there are almost 160 thousand inhabitants. High-quality hotels have been constructed and a wide variety of service industries have recently sprouted up. Tourism based businesses have also increased. The districts of the Serrana region, famous for its natural beauty, are also growing mostly from investments made in ecoturism. Oil is the biggest economic force in Macaé. In the next few years, the aim of Petrobras is to produce 2 million and convert|200000|oilbbl|m3 of oil per day. Up to 2010, Petrobras has indicated that they will invest US$ 25,7 billion in the Campos Basin, the equivalent of 80% of the resources of the company in exploration and production of the entire country. The city has the biggest tax generation of new ranks of work of the interior of the state, accordancing to research conducted for the Federation of Industries of Rio De Janeiro (Firjan): 13.2% to the year. The economy of the city has grown 600% since 1997. Surveys conducted in past years for IBGE demonstrated that the Internal Gross Product (in portuguese, Produto Interno Bruto - PIB) per capita of the city is R$ 11 a thousand per year, 30% greater than the national average. The city attracts companies from all over Brazil as well as international companies. Research undertaken by the Institute of Applied Economic Research (Ipea) indicated that the city was the one of the most developed over the last decade within the River-Be axle Pablo. For its excellent economy, Macaé was elected for the periodical the Leading Brazilian business newspaper as the most dynamic city of the state, leading in consideration the Index of Human Development. In 2004, the Getúlio Vargas Foundation positioned Macaé as the second best Brazilian city to work. The city also received the heading from City Friend of the Child, in recognition of actions in the areas of education and health. The prize was given by the Organization Pan-American of Health. Macaé hosts Brazil Offshore, international tradefair that almost congregates 500 companies from the oil industry, from 50 countries. This bi-annual tradefair is held in the local Convention Centre. Journalist Robert Marinho, as bigger of the state, constructed in an area of 110 a thousand square meters in the quarter They are Jose of the Barreto. As many workmanships of Macaé, the Convention Centre was constructed utilising the resources of royalties that they almost correspond the half of the budget of this year, of R$ 650 million. The growth also brought (and still brings) thousands of people from other regions of the country, often without any professional qualification or trade, that hope to find work in the growing service industries or construction. These Brazilian migrant workers have contributed to the vast increase in the size of slum areas (favellas) ehich are mainly located on the northside of the city.

Tourism

Not only of petroliferous activity the city of Macaé lives. The tourist points of this city are several, that starts to wake up for this market explored by countries of “1° World so well”. Some of these tourist points are: Rio Macaé Estuary of Rio MacaéO Rio Macaé is born in the Mountain range of Macaé, in the limit between Macaé and Lumiar (Friburgo), with the name of from above Macaé. It goes down the serrana region and desagua in the Atlantic Ocean. Great part of its stream bed is navigable. It is the river that supplies the city. Pico of the Frade Pico of the Frade is the point highest of the city. Tem 1,429 meters of altitude, being the 56 km of the urban center. Ideal for the practical one of walked scalings and, of preference with guides, who can be contracted in the city. Chest of the Pigeon Chest of the PomboO Chest of the Pigeon, with 1120 meters, where the nature hides exuberant beauties, including waterfalls practically intocadas. Lagoon of Imboassica The Lagoon of Imboassica already was considered a true ecological sanctuary. Nowadays it receives dejections from domiciliary sewer of some quarters that had appeared in its entorno. Very it is looked for the activities of leisure and the practical esportiva. km has an area of 5 squared, making limit with the city of River of the Oysters and is the 11,5 downtown km. Beach of the Sin The Beach of the Sin is the continuation of the Beach of the Knights until meeting with the Lagoon of Imboassica, no longer limit with the city of River of the Oysters. Ideal for surf and bodyboard very is also looked for the practical one of fishes of diving and fishes of line. Beach of the Knights The Beach of the Knights bes situated in the quarter of same name, redoubt of the main restaurants of the city. Ideal for the bath and for fishes in its some flagstone and costões. In the Beach of the Knights the esportivas competitions of the FestVerão are become fulfilled. Beach Camper The Beach Camper is of open sea and agitated, being very used for it fishes. One bes situated enters the Prainha of the Lighthouse and the Beach of the Knights, very next to the urban center. Prainha of the Lighthouse The Prainha of the Lighthouse has only 120 meters of extension. When the sea is calm, its crystalline waters are an invitation to the bath and also for it fishes. In this beach it bes situated ruin of the old lighthouse of Macaé, constructed in 1880, in the first years of existence of the city. Beach of Imbetiba The Beach of Imbetiba shelters the Terminal of Imbetiba today, in support the activities of extration of oil in the continental platform. It receives discharge from sanitary tributaries treat to the quarter Valentina Park Miranda and Petrobra's. Very it is looked for the practical one of cooper and strolls to the dawn and entardecer. Beach of Is Jose of the Barreto The Beach of Is Jose of the Barreto is a prolongation of the Beach of the Bar. It receives some debris from Rio Macaé. She is one of the preferred ones for the line fishing. This beach crosses the National Park of the Restinga de Jurubatiba. Lagoon of Jurubatiba The Lagoon of Jurubatiba is one of the minors between the 18 lagoons that integrate the National Park of the Restinga de Jurubatiba. Its waters of dark coloration, had the presence of raízes, are limpid and transparent. It is allowed to the visitation and the bath, but it fishes it is not allowed. Archipelago of Sant' Anna The Archipelago of Sant' Anna is formed by the islands of the Frenchman, Ilhote Sul and Sant' Anna. Located the 8 km of the wharf of the Municipal Market is used for the leisure and for it fishes. In it colonies of gulls live beyond go it and come of some species of birds that migram at the time of the North America of the winter. Rapids of Glicério The rapids of Glicério had become famous for practical of canoagem, which had the presence of one old plant of electricity in the immediacy. The local community developed an interesting called sport “boiagem”, that it consists of going down the rapids in done buoys of tires of automobiles. Park of Exposition Latiff Mussi The Park of Exposition Latiff Mussi is in the locality of Is Jose of the Barreto and is considered the third better park of the country in infrastructure. Tem 80 a thousand square meters and between the carried through events are the Expo Macaé, with roundup and shows of MPB of first quality. Church of Sant' Anna Church of Sant' AnnaA Church of Sant' Anna, according to one old legend, has its main door directed toward west, to hinder that the saint, from same name, runs away from the altar. After to have disappeared and come back to appear for diverse times, the saint disappeared in the decade of 90 and never more it was found. Building with dated construction of 1.630, bes situated in a rise of where all can be glimpsed the city. The church was constructed by priests of the Company of Jesus (Jesuit). Solar of Monte Elísio The solar one of Monte Elísio has prominence in the macaense urban scene. The building was raised in sopé of a small rise, in the Santos Avenue Moreira, quarter Visconde de Araújo. Today Lady of the Glory is the headquarters of the Institute Ours (Castle). Its construction occurred in 1852, obeying the neoclássico and in the internal part, prominence for the stairs in wood, with the initials of the Visconde de Araújo. City council The building of the City council of Macaé is in the Rui Avenue Barbosa, Center. It uses to advantage elements of the neoclássico style and if it makes use in two aggregate blocks. It was constructed in the last century and recently total it was restored. The visitations can be made in the second and Friday, in the commercial schedule. Strong Marshal Hermes Strong Hermes.Not Marshal if knows the date of construction of the Strong Marshal Hermes. They say that it was constructed in 1761, but has who affirms that it was in 1725. This ortaleza, raised to defend the macaense coast of the privateers, suffered reform in 1908, being inaugurated in 1910, taking the name of the Marshal Hermes Rodrigues of the Fonseca. The visits guided to the fort are allowed. Lighthouse of Imbetiba The Lighthouse of Imbetiba was restored in 1999. The old lighthouse was constructed in 1880, to take care of the necessities of the Port of Imbetiba, that functioned as escoadouro of the agricultural production of the Lowered Camper and Macaé. The visits are allowed and the access if it gives for the Clover of Petrobrás, in the beach Camper.

Criminality

According to the 2008 Mapa da Violência dos Municípios, (research conducted and published by RITLA, Inst.Sangar, Ministério da Saude & Ministério da Justiça) In the five year period 2002-2006 there were 651 reported homicides in the municipal of Macaé. Macaé is ranked the 15th highest in relation to homicides on this list of local authorities.

External links

* [http://www.macae.rj.gov.br/ Portal da Prefeitura de Macaé]
* [http://www.macaetur.com.br/ MacaéTur - Empresa Municipal de Turismo]
* [http://www.castelo.com.br/ Instituto Nossa Senhora da Glória - Escola Salesiana]
* [http://www.clickmacae.com.br/ Portal de Notícias sobre Petróleo e Gás na Bacia de Campos]
* [http://www.etcingles.com.br/ English Training Centre - Macaé]

References