Bonelli's Eagle

Taxobox
name = Bonelli's Eagle
status = LC
status_system = iucn3.1

---

regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Aves
ordo = Accipitriformes
familia = Accipitridae
genus = "Aquila"
species = "A. fasciata"
binomial = "Aquila fasciata"
binomial_authority = (Vieillot, 1822)
synonyms =
*"Hieraaetus fasciatus"

The Bonelli's Eagle ("Aquila fasciata") is a large bird of prey. Like all eagles, it belongs to the family Accipitridae. It breeds in southern Europe, Africa both north and south of the Sahara Desert and across southern Asia to Indonesia. It is usually a resident breeder which lays 1-3 eggs in a tree or crag nest.

The Bonelli's Eagle is a species of wooded, often hilly, country with some open areas. The African race prefers savannah, forest edges, cultivation, and scrub, provided there are some large trees; this is not a species of very open or densely forested habitats.

This is a small to medium - sized eagle at 55-65cm in length. The upperparts are dark brown, and the underside is white with dark streaks. The wings are relatively short and rounded. The long tail is grey on top and white below and has a single broad black terminal band. The feet and eyes are yellow.

Immature birds have deep buff underparts and underwing coverts, and have fine barring on the tail without the terminal band.

The Bonelli's Eagle takes a wide range of live prey, all taken alive. It usually hunts from cover by a quick dash from inside a tree, but it will also catch prey by quartering hill slopes like other eagles, or make a stoop from a soaring position. Most prey is taken on the ground.

This eagle takes large prey items, usually mammals or birds. Mammals up to the size of a hare are regularly taken, and birds up to guineafowl size.

The Bonelli's Eagle is usually silent except in display and near the nest. Its fluted " klu-kluklu-kluee" call is less shrill than that of its near relatives.

Recent DNA research resulted in this species being moved to the genus "Aquila" from "Hieraaetus".

References

* Database entry includes justification for why this species is of least concern
*"Splitting headaches? Recent taxonomic changes affecting the British and Western Palaearctic lists" - Martin Collinson, British Birds vol 99 (June 2006), 306-323
*Lerner, H. R. L. and D. P. Mindell (2005). Phylogeny of eagles, Old World vultures, and other Accipitridae based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 37: 327-346. [http://www-personal.umich.edu/~hlerner/LernerMindell2005Proofs.pdf PDF]
* Helbig AJ, Kocum A, Seibold I & Braun MJ (2005) A multi-gene phylogeny of aquiline eagles (Aves: Accipitriformes) reveals extensive paraphyly at the genus level. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 35(1):147-164 [http://www.vogelwarte.uni-greifswald.de/pdf/Aquiline_Eagles.pdf PDF]

External links

* [http://www.iberianature.com/material/bonelli.htm Bonelli's Eagle in Spain]
* [http://www.diba.cat/parcsn/parcs/plana.asp?parc=10&m=192 Live and recorded web cams of Bonelli's Eagle from Parc del Garraf]
* [http://www.ub.es/aligaperdiguera/EEAPang/indexang.htm Web page of the Conservation Biology Team - Bonelli's Eagle, of the University of Barcelona]