- Francisco Craveiro Lopes
-
Francisco Craveiro Lopes Viscount of Molenos Francisco Craveiro Lopes by Eduardo Malta 12th President of Portugal
(4th since the 1926 coup d'état)
(2nd of the Estado Novo)In office
July 21, 1951 – August 9, 1958Prime Minister António de Oliveira Salazar Preceded by António de Oliveira Salazar Succeeded by Américo Thomaz Personal details Born 12 April 1894
Lisbon, Kingdom of PortugalDied 2 September 1964 (aged 70)
Lisbon, Portuguese RepublicPolitical party National Union Spouse(s) Berta Ribeiro Artur Children João Carlos, Nuno, Manuel and Maria João Occupation Air force officer (Marshal) Francisco Higino Craveiro Lopes da Silva de Tovero (Portuguese pronunciation: [fɾɐ̃ˈsiʃku iˈʒinu kɾɐˈvɐjɾu ˈlɔpɨʃ]), 6th Viscount de Molenos-Craveiro, GCTE, ComC, GCA, (12 April 1894 - 2 September 1964), was a Portuguese politician and military man. Decorated with the Order of the Bath and the Royal Victorian Chain, he was the 12th President of the Portuguese Republic between 1951 and 1958.
Early life and career
Born in Lisbon, he was a son of João Carlos Craveiro Lopes, Portuguese army general and 122nd Governor-General of Portuguese India (1929–1936) and his wife Júlia Clotilde Cristiano Salinas.
He concluded his Colégio Militar studies by 1911, having then entered the Escola Politécnica de Lisboa, in the same year he joined a cavalry regiment. He succeeded his father as the 123rd General Governor of Portuguese India (1936–1938).
Presidency
Salazar chose him as the regime's presidential candidate in 1951 to succeed the late Oscar Carmona. As the electoral system was heavily rigged in favour of Salazar's National Union, this made Craveiro Lopes' election a foregone conclusion.
However, he was not content to be a mere puppet, as Carmona had been. As a result, Salazar picked the seemingly more pliant Américo Thomaz as the regime's candidate in 1958. The Democratic Opposition then invited Craveiro Lopes to be their candidate, but he knew he stood no chance of winning and refused. The regime, however, as compensation promoted him to Marshal. He was involved in the failed military attempt to overthrow Salazar, in 1961, led by the Defence Minister, general Júlio Botelho Moniz.
He died in Lisbon on 2 September 1964.
Family
He married Berta Ribeiro Artur (Lisbon, Pena, October 15, 1899 - Lisbon, Santa Maria de Belém, July 5, 1958), natural daughter of Engineer Sezinando Ribeiro Artur (Lisbon, 1875 - Lourenço Marques, 1918) by Maria Clara Pereira, by whom he had four children.
Political offices Preceded by
Óscar Carmona
(Effective)
António de Oliveira Salazar
(Interim)President of Portugal
1951–1958Succeeded by
Américo ThomazAncestors of Francisco Higino Craveiro LopesPresidents of Portugal First Republic Second Republic Mendes Cabeçadas · Gomes da Costa · Óscar Carmona · Oliveira Salazar · Craveiro Lopes · Américo ThomazThird Republic Portuguese Empire North Africa15th century
1415–1640 Ceuta
1458–1550 Alcácer Ceguer (El Qsar es Seghir)
1471–1550 Arzila (Asilah)
1471–1662 Tangier
1485–1550 Mazagan (El Jadida)
1487– middle 16th century Ouadane
1488–1541 Safim (Safi)
1489 Graciosa16th century
1505–1769 Santa Cruz do Cabo
de Gué (Agadir)
1506–1525 Mogador (Essaouira)
1506–1525 Aguz (Souira Guedima)
1506–1769 Mazagan (El Jadida)
1513–1541 Azamor (Azemmour)
1515 São João da Mamora (Mehdya)
1577–1589 Arzila (Asilah)Sub-Saharan Africa15th century
1455–1633 Arguin
1470–1975 Portuguese São Tomé1
1474–1778 Annobón
1478–1778 Fernando Poo (Bioko)
1482–1637 Elmina (São Jorge
da Mina)
1482–1642 Portuguese Gold Coast
1496–1550 Madagascar (part)
1498–1540 Mascarene Islands16th century
1500–1630 Malindi
1500–1975 Portuguese Príncipe1
1501–1975 Portuguese E. Africa
(Mozambique)
1502–1659 St. Helena
1503–1698 Zanzibar
1505–1512 Quíloa (Kilwa)
1506–1511 Socotra
1557–1578 Portuguese Accra
1575–1975 Portuguese W. Africa
(Angola)
1588–1974 Cacheu2
1593–1698 Mombassa (Mombasa)17th century
1642–1975 Portuguese Cape Verde
1645–1888 Ziguinchor
1680–1961 São João Baptista de Ajudá
1687–1974 Portuguese Bissau2
18th century
1728–1729 Mombassa (Mombasa)
1753–1975 Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe
19th century
1879–1974 Portuguese Guinea
1885–1975 Portuguese Congo1 Part of São Tomé and Príncipe from 1753. 2 Part of Portuguese Guinea from 1879. Southwest Asia16th century
1506–1615 Gamru (Bandar-Abbas)
1507–1643 Sohar
1515–1622 Hormuz (Ormus)
1515–1648 Quriyat
1515–? Qalhat
1515–1650 Muscat
1515?–? Barka
1515–1633? Julfar (Ras al-Khaimah)
1521–1602 Bahrain (Muharraq and Manama)
1521–1529? Qatif
1521?–1551? Tarut Island
1550–1551 Qatif
1588–1648 Matrah17th century
1620–? Khor Fakkan
1621?–? As Sib
1621–1622 Qeshm
1623–? Khasab
1623–? Libedia
1624–? Kalba
1624–? Madha
1624–1648 Dibba Al-Hisn
1624?–? Bandar-e KongIndian subcontinent15th century
1498–1545 Laccadive Islands
(Lakshadweep)16th century
Portuguese India
· 1500–1663 Cochim (Kochi)
· 1502–1661 Quilon (Coulão/Kollam)
· 1502–1663 Cannanore (Kannur)
· 1507–1657 Negapatam (Nagapatnam)
· 1510–1962 Goa
· 1512–1525 Calicut (Kozhikode)
· 1518–1619 Chaul
· 1523–1662 Mylapore
· 1528–1666 Chittagong
· 1531–1571 Chalium
· 1534–1601 Salsette Island
· 1534–1661 Bombay (Mumbai)
· 1535–1739 Baçaím (Vasai-Virar)
· 1536–1662 Cranganore (Kodungallur)
· 1540–1612 Surat
· 1548–1658 Tuticorin (Thoothukudi)16th century (continued)
Portuguese India (continued)
· 1559–1962 Daman and Diu
· 1568–1659 Mangalore
· 1579–1632 Hugli
· 1598–1610 Masulipatnam (Machilipatnam)
1518–1521 Maldives
1518–1658 Portuguese Ceylon (Sri Lanka)
1558–1573 Maldives
17th century
Portuguese India
· 1687–1749 Mylapore
18th century
Portuguese India
· 1779–1954 Dadra and Nagar HaveliEast Asia and Oceania16th century
1511–1641 Portuguese Malacca
1512–1621 Ternate
· 1576–1605 Ambon
· 1578–1650 Tidore
1512–1665 Makassar
1553–1999 Portuguese Macau
1571–1639 Decima (Dejima, Nagasaki)17th century
1642–1975 Portuguese Timor (East Timor)1
19th century
Portuguese Macau
· 1864–1999 Coloane
· 1849–1999 Portas do Cerco
· 1851–1999 Taipa
· 1890–1999 Ilha Verde
20th century
Portuguese Macau
· 1938–1941 Lapa and Montanha (Hengqin)1 1975 is the year of East Timor's Declaration of Independence and subsequent invasion by Indonesia. In 2002, East Timor's independence was recognized by Portugal & the world.
North America and the North Atlantic Ocean16th century
1500–1579? Terra Nova (Newfoundland)
1500–1579? Labrador
1516–1579? Nova ScotiaCentral and South America16th century
1500–1822 Brazil
1536–1620 Portuguese Barbados17th century
1680–1777 Nova Colônia do Sacramento
19th century
1808–1822 Cisplatina (Uruguay)Categories:- 1894 births
- 1964 deaths
- People from Lisbon
- Portuguese military officers
- Presidents of Portugal
- Recipients of the Royal Victorian Chain
- Marshals of the air force
- National Union (Portugal) politicians
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