Neukamerun

Neukamerun
Part of Kamerun
← 1911–1916 →
Neukamerun
Capital	Not specified
Language(s)	German
Government	Constitutional monarchy
Emperor
- 1911-1916	Wilhelm II
History
- Established	1911
- Disestablished	1916

Cameroon over time

Neukamerun (German for New Cameroon) was the name of Central African territories ceded by France to Germany in 1911. Upon taking office in 1907, Theodor Seitz, governor of German Kamerun, advocated the acquisition of territories from the French Congo.^[1] Germany's only major river outlet from its Central African possessions was the Congo River, and more territories to the east of Kamerun would allow for better access to that waterway.^[2]

France and Germany were rivals for Morocco, and in 1911, the Agadir Crisis broke out over the question of possession of that kingdom. France and Germany agreed to negotiate on 9 July 1911, and on 4 November, they signed the Treaty of Fez. France agreed to cede part of the French Congo to Germany in exchange for German recognition of France's rights to Morocco^[3] and a strip of land in northeastern Kamerun between the Logone and Chari rivers. The Kamerun colony grew from 465,000 km² to 760,000 km².^[3] Otto Gleim was governor of Kamerun at the time.

The exchange sparked debate in Germany; opponents argued that the new territories presented little opportunity for commercial exploitation or other profit. The German colonial secretary eventually resigned over the matter.^[3]

During World War I, France was eager to regain the territories.^[4] In 1916, Germany returned Neukamerun to France after the fall of German forces in western Africa. France took control of Cameroun as a League of Nations mandate (although it was not integrated to French Equatorial Africa). The territory today forms part of Chad, Central African Republic, the Republic of the Congo, and Gabon.^[5]

Notes

1. ^ Ngoh 74.
2. ^ Neba 4.
3. ^ ^{a b c} DeLancey and DeLancey 200.
4. ^ Ngoh 128.
5. ^ Neba 4–5.

References

• DeLancey, Mark W., and DeLancey, Mark Dike (2000). Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Cameroon (3rd ed.). Lanham, Maryland: The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0810837757.
• Hoffmann, Florian (2007). Okkupation und Militärverwaltung in Kamerun. Etablierung und Institutionalisierung des kolonialen Gewaltmonopols. Göttingen: Cuvillier. ISBN 3-86727-472-2
• Neba, Aaron (1999). Modern Geography of the Republic of Cameroon, 3rd ed. Bamenda: Neba Publishers. ISBN 0941815021.
• Ngoh, Victor Julius (1996). History of Cameroon Since 1800. Limbé: Presbook. ISBN 0333471210.
• Map of the German Cameroons