Tamyen

Infobox Language
name=Tamyen (Santa Clara)
familycolor=Penutian
states= United States (California)
speakers=extinct
fam1=Penutian
fam2=Yok-Utian
fam3=Utian
fam4=Costanoan
fam5=Northern Ohlone
script=Latin alphabet
iso1=-|iso2=nai|iso3=cst|

The Tamyen (also spelled as "Tamien", "Thamien") are one of eight linguistic divisions of the Ohlone (Coastanoan) people groups of Native Americans who lived in Northern California. The Tamyen lived throughout the Santa Clara Valley. The use of the name Tamyen is on record as early as 1777, it comes from the native's name for the location of the first Mission Santa Clara (Mission Santa Clara de Thamien) on the Guadalupe River. Father Pena mentioned in a letter to Junipero Serra that the area around the mission was called "Thamien" by the native people. [ For Father Pena's letter, see Hylkema 1995:20; also indicated on a map by Kroeber 1925:465.] The missionary fathers erected the mission on January 17, 1777 at the native village of So-co-is-u-ka.

"Tamyen" (also called "Santa Clara Costanoan") has been extended to mean the Santa Clara Valley Indians, as well as for the language they spoke. Tamyen is listed as one of the Costanoan language dialects in the Utian family. It was the primary language that Natives spoke at the first and second Mission Santa Clara (both founded in 1777). Linguistically, it is thought that Chochenyo, Tamyen and Ramaytush were close dialects of a single language.

Tamyen territory extends over most of the present day Santa Clara County, California, and was bordered by other Ohlone people: Ramaytush to the northwest on the San Francisco Peninsula, Chochenyo to the northeast and east, Mutsun to the south, and the Awaswas to the southwest.

During the era of Spanish missions in California, the Tamyen's lives changed with the Mission Santa Clara, and later the Mission San José of Fremont (founded in 1797) built in their region. Most moved into one of these missions and were baptized, lived and educated to be Catholic "neophytes", also known as Mission Indians, until the mission was discontinued by the Mexican Government in 1834. A large majority of the Tamyen died from disease in the missions.

Today, the Tamyen have joined with the other San Francisco Bay Area Ohlone people under the name of the Muwekma Ohlone Tribe. The Muwekma Ohlone are currently petitioning for U.S. federal recognition.

Tamyen tribes and villages

The "Tamyen" ("Tamien, Thamien") people are associated with the original site of Mission Santa Clara (Mission Santa Clara de Thamien) on the Guadalupe River, 1777. The entire Santa Clara Valley was populated with dozens of Tamien speaking villages, several on Coyote Creek. See:

* Ohlone tribes and villages in Santa Clara Valley

External links

* [http://www.muwekma.org/index.html Muwekma Ohlone]
* [http://www.muwekma.org/news/Muwekma-opinion-092106.pdf Muwekma request for federal tribal recognition Court opinion 9/21/06]

ee also

* Tamien Station

References

* Kroeber, Alfred L. 1925. "Handbook of the Indians of California". Washington, D.C: "Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin" No. 78. (map of villages, page 465)
* Hylkema, Mark. "Tamien Station Archeological Project", published by Bean, Lowell John, editor, in "The Ohlone: Past and Present Native Americans of the San Francisco Bay Region." Menlo Park, CA: Ballena Press Publication, 1994. ISBN 0-87919-129-5 (pages 249-270).
* Hylkema, Mark. "Archaeological Investigations at the Third Location of Mission Santa Clara De Assis: The Murguia Mission 1781-1818," 1995. Caltrans Report (CA-SCL-30/H).
* Levy, Richard. 1978. "Costanoan", in "Handbook of North American Indians, vol. 8 (California)". William C. Sturtevant, and Robert F. Heizer, eds. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1978. ISBN 0-16-004578-9 / 0160045754, pages 485-495.
* Milliken, Randall. "A Time of Little Choice: The Disintegration of Tribal Culture in the San Francisco Bay Area 1769-1910" Menlo Park, CA: Ballena Press Publication, 1995. ISBN 0-87919-132-5 (alk. paper)
* Teixeira, Lauren. "The Costanoan/Ohlone Indians of the San Francisco and Monterey Bay Area, A Research Guide". Menlo Park, CA: Ballena Press Publication, 1997. ISBN 0-87919-141-4.