Pelvic outlet

Pelvic outlet
Bone: Pelvic outlet
Gray239.png
Diameters of inferior aperture of lesser pelvis (female).
Gray408.png
Muscles of the female perineum.
Latin apertura pelvis inferior
Gray's subject #58 240

The lower circumference of the lesser pelvis is very irregular; the space enclosed by it is named the inferior aperture or pelvic outlet.

Contents

Boundaries

It has the following boundaries:

  • anteriorly: the pubic arch
  • laterally: the ischial tuberosities
  • posterolaterally: the inferior margin of the sacrotuberous ligament
  • posteriorly: the tip of the coccyx

Notches

These eminences are separated by three notches:

  • one in front, the pubic arch, formed by the convergence of the inferior rami of the ischium and pubis on either side.
  • The other notches, one on either side, are formed by the sacrum and coccyx behind, the ischium in front, and the ilium above; they are called the sciatic notches; in the natural state they are converted into foramina by the sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments.


In situ

When the ligaments are in situ, the inferior aperture of the pelvis is lozenge-shaped, bounded as follows:

  • in front, by the pubic arcuate ligament and the inferior rami of the pubes and ischia
  • laterally, by the ischial tuberosities
  • behind, by the sacrotuberous ligaments and the tip of the coccyx.

Additional images

  • Articulations of pelvis. Anterior view.

  • Articulations of pelvis. Posterior view.

External links

v · d · eBones of pelvis / pelvic cavity (TA A02.5.01–03, GA 2.231–241)
General
Ilium
arcuate line
Ischium
no substructures
Pubis
Compound

M: BON/CAR

anat(c/f/k/f, u, t/p, l)/phys/devp/cell

noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug(M5)

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