Lockheed Martin

For the former companies, see Lockheed Corporation and Martin Marietta.

Lockheed Martin

Type	Public company (NYSE: LMT)
Industry	Aerospace Defense Global security
Founded	1995
Headquarters	Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Area served	Worldwide
Key people	Robert J. Stevens (Chairman) & (CEO) Christopher E. Kubasik (President) & (COO) Ray O. Johnson (Senior Vice President) & (CTO)
Products	ATC systems Ballistic missiles Munitions NMD elements Transport aircraft Fighter aircraft Radar Satellite Atlas launch vehicles NASA's Orion spacecraft HULC-Human exoskeleton
Revenue	US$ 45.803 billion (2010)
Operating income	US$ 4.097 billion (2010)
Profit	US$ 2.926 billion (2010)
Total assets	US$ 35.067 billion (2010)
Total equity	US$ 3.708 billion (2010)
Employees	126,000 (2011)
Website	LockheedMartin.com

Lockheed Martin (NYSE: LMT) is an American global aerospace, defense, security, and advanced technology company with worldwide interests. It was formed by the merger of Lockheed Corporation with Martin Marietta in March 1995. It is headquartered in Bethesda, Maryland, in the Washington Metropolitan Area. Lockheed Martin employs 140,000 people worldwide. Robert J. Stevens is the current Chairman and Chief Executive Officer.

Lockheed Martin is one of the world's largest defense contractors; In 2009, 74% of Lockheed Martin's revenues came from military sales.^[1] It received 7.1% of the funds paid out by the Pentagon.^[2]

Lockheed Martin operates in four business segments. These comprise, with respective percentages of 2009 total net sales of $45.2 billion, Aeronautics (27%), Electronic Systems (27%), Information Systems & Global Solutions (27%), and Space Systems (19%). In 2009 US Government contracts accounted for $38.4 billion (85%), foreign government contracts $5.8 billion (13%), and commercial and other contracts $0.9 billion (2%).^[3] In both 2009 and 2008 the company topped the list of US Federal Contractors.

The company has received the Collier Trophy six times. Most recently (in 2001) for being part of developing the X-35/F-35B LiftFan Propulsion System,^[4][5][6] and again in 2006 for leading the team that developed the F-22 Raptor fighter jet.

History

Merger talks between Lockheed Corporation and Martin Marietta began in March 1994, with the companies announcing their $10 billion planned merger on August 30, 1994.^[7] The deal was finalized on March 15, 1995 when the two companies' shareholders approved the merger.^[8] The segments of the two companies not retained by the new company formed the basis for the present L-3 Communications, a mid-size defense contractor in its own right. Lockheed Martin later spun off the materials company Martin Marietta Materials.

Both companies contributed important products to the new portfolio. Lockheed products included the Trident missile, P-3 Orion, F-16 Fighting Falcon, F-22 Raptor, C-130 Hercules, A-4AR Fightinghawk and the DSCS-3 satellite. Martin Marietta products included Titan rockets, Sandia National Laboratories (management contract acquired in 1993), Space Shuttle External Tank, Viking 1 and Viking 2 landers, the Transfer Orbit Stage (under subcontract to Orbital Sciences Corporation) and various satellite models.

On April 22, 1996, Lockheed Martin completed the acquisition of Loral Corporation's defense electronics and system integration businesses for $9.1 billion, the deal having been announced in January. The remainder of Loral became Loral Space & Communications.^[9]

Lockheed Martin abandoned plans for a $8.3 billion merger with Northrop Grumman on July 16, 1998, due to government concerns over the potential strength of the new group; Lockheed/Northrop would have had control of 25% of the Department of Defense's procurement budget.^[10]

Lockheed Martin provided NASA with measurements in US Customary force units when metric was expected, resulting in the loss of the Mars Climate Orbiter at a cost of $125 million.^[11][12] The cost for spacecraft development was $193.1 million.^[13]

A Lockheed Martin building in Bethesda, Maryland

In May 2001, Lockheed Martin sold Lockheed Martin Control Systems to BAE Systems. On November 27, 2000, Lockheed completed the sale of its Aerospace Electronic Systems business to BAE Systems for $1.67 billion, a deal announced in July 2000. This group encompassed Sanders Associates, Fairchild Systems, and Lockheed Martin Space Electronics & Communications.^[14][15]

In 2001, Lockheed Martin won the contract to build the F-35 Lightning II; this was the largest fighter aircraft procurement project since the F-16, with an initial order of 3,000 worth some $200 billion before export orders.

In 2001, Lockheed Martin settled a nine year investigation conducted by NASA's Office of Inspector General with the assistance of the Defense Contract Audit Agency. The company paid the United States government $7.1 million based on allegations that its predecessor, Lockheed Engineering Science Corporation, submitted false lease costs claims to NASA.^[16]

On May 12, 2006, The Washington Post reported that when Robert Stevens took control of Lockheed Martin in 2004, he faced the dilemma that within 10 years 100,000 of the about 130,000 Lockheed Martin employees – more than three-quarters – would be retiring.^[17]

On August 31, 2006, Lockheed Martin won a $3.9 billion contract from NASA to design and build the CEV capsule, also known as Orion – the next spacecraft for human flight – for the Ares I rocket in the Constellation Program.

On August 13, 2008, Lockheed Martin acquired the government business unit of Nantero, Inc., a company that had developed methods and processes for incorporating carbon nanotubes in next-generation electronic devices.^[18] In 2009, Lockheed Martin bought Unitech.^{[citation needed]}

On November 18, 2010, Lockheed Martin announced that it would be closing its Eagan, MN location by 2013 in order to drive down costs and optimize capacity at their locations nationwide.^[19]

In January 2011, Lockheed Martin agreed to pay the US Government $2 million to settle allegations that the company submitted false claims on a U.S. government contract for that amount. The allegations came from a contract with the Naval Oceanographic Office Major Shared Resource Center in Mississippi.^[20]

On May 28, 2011 it was reported that a cyber-attack using previously stolen EMC files had broken through to sensitive materials at the contractor.^[21] It is unclear if the Lockheed incident is the specific prompt whereby on June 1, 2011, the new United States military strategy, makes explicit that a cyberattack is casus belli for a traditional act of war.^[22]

Organization

Aeronautics

C-130 Hercules; in production since the 1950s, now as the C-130J

Naval variant of the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II

Submarine launch of a Lockheed Trident missile

• Lockheed Martin Aeronautics

Electronic Systems

• Lockheed Martin Canada
• Lockheed Martin Australia
• Lockheed Martin Mission Systems and Sensors
• Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control
• Lockheed Martin Global Training and Logistics
• Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Laboratories
• Sandia Corporation

Information Systems and Global Solutions

• Lockheed Martin IS&GS-Civil
• Lockheed Martin IS&GS-Defense
• Lockheed Martin IS&GS-Security
  • Lockheed Martin Orincon
  • Lockheed Martin STASYS
• Lockheed Martin Technology Ventures

Space

• Lockheed Martin Space Systems

Others

• LMC Properties
• Lockheed Martin Aircraft Argentina SA (formerly Fabrica Militar de Aviones)
• Lockheed Martin Enterprise Business Services
• Lockheed Martin Finance Corporation
• Lockheed Martin U.K.
• Prepar3D – Advanced visual flight simulation software
• Pacific Architects & Engineers – LockMart owned company

Joint ventures

• International Launch Services (with Khrunichev, RSC Energia)
• Lockheed Martin Alenia Tactical Transport Systems (with Finmeccanica-Alenia, now folded)
• MEADS International (with EADS and MBDA)
• Space Imaging (46%, remainder public)
• United Launch Alliance (with Boeing)
• United Space Alliance (with Boeing)
• Kelly Aviation Center (with GE and Rolls-Royce)
• Protector USV – an unmanned surface vehicle with Rafael Advanced Defense Systems and BAE Systems
• Defense Support Services (DS2) (with Day & Zimmermann) official site
• Lockheed Martin Jv (with Indian company Tata Advanced Systems Limited)

Government contracts

Lockheed Martin is active in many aspects of government contracting. It "received $36 billion in government contracts in 2008 alone, more than any company in history. It now does work for more than two dozen government agencies from the Department of Defense and the Department of Energy to the Department of Agriculture and the Environmental Protection Agency. It's involved in surveillance and information processing for the CIA, the FBI, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), the National Security Agency (NSA), the Pentagon, the Census Bureau and the Postal Service."^[2]

Corporate governance

Current members of the board of directors of Lockheed Martin are: Edward Aldridge, Nolan Archibald, Marcus Bennett, James O. Ellis, Gwendolyn King, James Loy, Douglas McCorkindale, Eugene Murphy, Joseph Ralston, Frank Savage, Anne Stevens, Robert J. Stevens, James Ukropina and Douglas Yearley.

Lockheed "ranks number one on the 'contractor misconduct' database maintained by the Project on Government Oversight, a Washington-DC-based watchdog group."^[2] Since 1995, the company has agreed to pay $577 million to settle fifty-four instances of misconduct.^[23]

Lobbying

The company's 2010 lobbying expenditure by the third quarter was $9.9 million (2009 total: $13.7 million).^[24][25]

Through its political action committee, the company provides low levels of financial support to candidates who advocate national defense and relevant business issues.^[26] It is "the top contributor to the incoming House Armed Services Committee chairman, Republican Howard P. 'Buck' McKeon of California, giving more than $50,000 in the most recent election cycle. It also tops the list of donors to Sen. Daniel Inouye (D-HI), the powerful chair of the Senate Appropriations Committee, and the self-described '#1 earmarks guy in the US Congress.'"^[2]

Lockheed Martin Employees Political Action Committee is one of the 50 most generous PACs in the country, according to FEC data. With contributions from 3,000 employees, it donates $500,000 a year to about 260 House and Senate candidates. For the 2004 election cycle, Lockheed's PAC has already contributed $350,279 to federal candidates, with about 62 percent going to Republicans, according to the Center for Responsive Politics. That compares with $515,000 from General Dynamics' political action committee and $122,850 from BAE Systems North America, the center's data showed.^[27]

See also

Aviation portal

• Defense contractor – table of comparable companies
• Lockheed Martin Maintenance Trophy
• Top 100 US Federal Contractors – $38.5 billion in FY09

References

1. ^ Jackson, Susan T. et al The SIPRI Top 100 arms-producing companies, 2009 (short) Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, 2009. Retrieved: June 13, 2010. Quote: "Arms sales are defined by SIPRI as sales of military goods and services to military customers, including both domestic and export sales. Military goods and services are those which are designed specifically for military purposes"
2. ^ ^{a b c d} Hartung, William (2011-01-12) "Is Lockheed Martin Shadowing You?". Mother Jones
3. ^ "2009 Annual Report". LockheedMartin.com. http://www.lockheedmartin.com/data/assets/corporate/documents/ir/2010/2009-Annual-report.pdf. Retrieved January 4, 2011. 
4. ^ Propulsion System in Lockheed Martin Joint Strike Fighter wins Collier Trophy Lockheed Martin press release, February 28, 2003. Retrieved: January 2010
5. ^ "Propulsion system for a vertical and short takeoff and landing aircraft", 1990 United States Patent 5209428 (PDF of original)
6. ^ Collier Trophy; list of winners. Retrieved January 2010
7. ^ Norris, Floyd (August 31, 1994). "A 'merger of equals,' with Martin Marietta the most equal". The New York Times. 
8. ^ "Martin Marietta-Lockheed merger is approved". The New York Times. March 16, 1995. 
9. ^ Mintz, John (April 23, 1996). "Lockheed-Martin Loral Merger May Mean a Loss of Business; McDonnell Douglas Threatens to Cancel Billions in Contracts". The Washington Post. 
10. ^ Wayne, Leslie (July 17, 1998). "Lockheed cancels Northrop merger, citing U.S. stand". The New York Times. 
11. ^ "Metric mishap caused loss of NASA orbiter". CNN. September 30, 1999. http://www.cnn.com/TECH/space/9909/30/mars.metric.02/. 
12. ^ "Math error equals loss of Mars orbiter". Science News. October 9, 1999. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1200/is_15_156/ai_57155808/. 
13. ^ The Lockheed Martin Corporation | Aviation Articles
14. ^ "Contract for BAE". The Times (Times Newspapers). November 28, 2000. 
15. ^ Parreault, Carl (July 14, 2004). "British aerospace firm buys Sanders". The Union Leader. 
16. ^ LOCKHEED MARTIN PAYS NASA $7.1 MILLION SETTLEMENT. U.S. Department of Justice, United States Attorney Press Rlease, July 10, 2003.
17. ^ Dutt, Jill. "Taking an Engineer's Approach at Lockheed Martin." Washington Post, May 1, 2006.
18. ^ "Lockheed Martin Acquires Nantero, Inc.'s Government Business Unit". Taume News. August 14, 2008. http://news.taume.com/World-Business/Business-Finance/Lockheed-Martin-Acquires-Nantero_-Inc__s-Government-Business-Unit-6439. Retrieved August 14, 2008. 
19. ^ Hult, Karla. "Lockheed Martin to Close Eagan Plant, Shed 1,000 Jobs." Kare 11 News, November 19, 2010.
20. ^ Washington Post, "Lockheed To Pay $2 million To Settle Lawsuit", January 25, 2011, p. 14.
21. ^ Lockheed Martin Hit by Unspecified Cyber Incident – FoxNews.com
22. ^ New York Times: Pentagon to Consider Cyberattacks Acts of War
23. ^ "Federal Contractor Misconduct Database". Project on Government Oversight. http://www.contractormisconduct.org/. Retrieved January 5, 2011. 
24. ^ "Lockheed Martin Lobbying Expenditure". Center for Responsive Politics. http://www.opensecrets.org/lobby/clientsum.php?year=2010&lname=Lockheed+Martin&id=. Retrieved January 5, 2011. 
25. ^ "Lobbying Disclosure Act Database". United States Senate. http://soprweb.senate.gov/index.cfm?event=chooseFields. Retrieved January 5, 2011. 
26. ^ "Political Disclosures". LockheedMartin.com. http://www.lockheedmartin.com/investor/corporate_governance/PoliticalDisclosures.html. Retrieved January 4, 2011. 
27. ^ Lockheed Martin Employees PAC article

External links

• Lockheed Martin web site
• Prepar3D(R): Visual flight simulation software development kit for computers
• TIME Magazine article "A Security Analyst Wins Big in Court"
• Article on Lockheed Martin from the Center for Media and Democracy
• Washington Technology article "Lockheed loses Los Alamos outsourcing to U. of Calif"^{[dead link]}
• Washington Post article "Lockheed Wins Contract to Build NASA's New Spaceship"
• "Patents owned by Lockheed Martin". US Patent & Trademark Office. http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2&Sect2=HITOFF&u=%2Fnetahtml%2Fsearch-adv.htm&r=0&p=1&f=S&l=50&Query=an%2F%22Lockheed+Martin%22&d=ptxt. Retrieved December 5, 2005. 
• ABC News report "Jury Slaps Defense Giant for Neglecting National Security"
• Space.com article "Lockheed Martin Accepts Blame for Root Cause of Craft's Loss"^{[dead link]}
• CBS News article "NASA: Mars Surveyor Was Doomed By Humans"
• BBC News article "Lockheed Fined Over Secrets Breach"
• Washington Post article "Coast Guard Failed to Properly Oversee Contracts, Officials Say"