Symphony No. 73 (Haydn)

The Symphony No. 73 in D major (Hoboken 1/73) is a symphony by Joseph Haydn. It is often known by the subtitle "La chasse" (The Hunt).HC Robbins Landon, Haydn: Chronicle and Works, 5 vols, (Bloomington and London: Indiana University Press, 1976-) v. 2, Haydn at Eszterhaza, 1766-1790]

Date of composition and scoring

The symphony was composed in 1782. It is scored for flute, two oboes, bassoon, two horns and strings. Some versions also include two trumpets and timpani.

Nickname (La Chasse)

The finale of this symphony features hunting horn calls and its nickname reflects the popularity of the hunting trope in eighteenth century musical culture. [Alexander L. Ringer, "The "Chasse" as a Musical Topic of the 18th Century," Journal of the American Musicological Society, Vol. 6, No. 2. (Summer, 1953), pp. 148-159] This movement was originally composed as the overture to Haydn's opera "La fedeltà premiata" (“Fidelity Rewarded”), a detail which has helped secure the dating of the symphony. [" [I] l est possible de déterminer quelques dates" post quem "grâce à des oeuvres antérieures, datées (notamment des ouvertures d'opéras), qui seront reprises plus tard, plus ou moins modifiées, comme mouvement de telle ou telle symphonie (ainsi, par exemple, l'ouverture de La fedeltà prenziata, opéra composé par Haydn en 1780, sera ensuite utilisée comme finale de la symphonie no 73 La Chasse)." Jean Gribenski, Review "Haydn-Studien II, Hefte 1 & Haydn-Studien II, Hefte 2", Revue de musicologie, T. 56e, No. 1er. (1970), pp. 99-104. Quotation, 102.] The hunting melody of the finale is a quotation from "La Chasse du cerf," ["This little cantata "sung before the king at Fontainebleau in 1708" ... describes the typical series of events during a whole day of hunting, introducing a great number of sonneries, from the morning's Reveil to the final Halali. On p. 111 of the score published in 1709 there appears a melody [i.e. the Sourcillade] by Philidor." Ringer, "Op. Cit.", 150.] a divertissement for solo voices, chorus, and instrumental ensemble by the eighteenth century French composer Jean-Baptiste Morin. Morin himself drew upon the popular "Sourcillade" (or "Vue") penned by André Danican Philidor in the first decade of the 18th century. Haydn's theme was therefore widely recogniseable as a hunting motif. [Ringer, "Op. Cit.", 150.]

Movements

*I. Adagio - Allegro
*II. Andante
*III. Menuetto & Trio: Allegretto
*IV. "La chasse" Presto

The first movement displays one of Haydn's favorite musical devices, turning accompaniment into melody. Here, this is done in the simplest possible manner by constructing the main theme out of repeated notes. Once the repeated-note theme is established, then any time repeated notes are used in accompaniment, it sounds to the listener like thematic counterpoint. [Charles Rosen, "Sonata Forms" (2nd edition 1988, W.W. Norton & Company, New York, ISBN 0-393-30219-9).]

The second movement is based on Haydn's song "Gegenliebe", Hob. XVIIa:16.

See also

*List of symphonies by name

References