Kawerau

Kawerau

Infobox Settlement
name = Kawerau
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pushpin_label_position = left
pushpin_map_caption = Location of Kawerau in New Zealand
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subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = New Zealand
subdivision_type1 = Region
subdivision_name1 = Bay of Plenty
subdivision_type2 = Territorial authority
subdivision_name2 = Kawerau District
seat_type = Electorate
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leader_title = Mayor
leader_name = Malcolm J Campbell
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established_title = Established
established_date = 1953
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area_total_km2 = 21.94
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population_as_of = 2006 census
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population_total = 6921
population_density_km2 = auto
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timezone = NZST
utc_offset = +12
timezone_DST = NZDT
utc_offset_DST = +13
coor_type =
latd= 38 |latm= 06 |lats= |latNS= S
longd= 176 |longm= 42 |longs= |longEW= E
postal_code_type = Postcode
postal_code = 3127
area_code = 07
website =
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Kawerau is a town in the Bay of Plenty region of the North Island of New Zealand. The town is situated 100 km south-east of Tauranga and 58 km east of Rotorua. [ [http://www.teara.govt.nz/Places/BayOfPlenty/BayOfPlentyPlaces/10/en Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand: Kawerau] ] It is the seat of, and the sole town in, the Kawerau District Council.

Kawerau is a small community, with the main industry being the nearby Norske Skog Tasman pulp and paper mill. It is located along State Highway 34 southwest of Onepu, and is the terminus of the East Coast Main Trunk Railway and the commencing point of the Murupara Branch railway. Kawerau was also one of the worst-affected towns in the 1987 Edgecumbe earthquake.

History

Kawerau is one of the youngest towns in New Zealand. It was founded in 1953 as a mill town for the new Tasman pulp and paper mill. The site for the mill was chosen because of the ready availability of geothermal energy, water from the Tarawera River and the large supply of pine timber from the nearby Kaingaroa forest. [ [http://www.kaweraudc.govt.nz/information.html Kawerau District Council: Information] ] Unlike most other towns of its size, Kawerau was carefully planned before construction. The town was built with an impressive number of facilities, to accommodate a multinational specialist workforce. The mill continues to drive the local economy and greatly influences the fortunes of the town.

Demographics

The total population of the Kawerau District was 6,921 at the time of the 2006 census. 47.4% of people (3,144) in the Kawerau District said they belong to the European ethnic group. 61.1% of people (4,047) in the Kawerau District said they belong to the Māori ethnic group. The population of the Kawerau District contains a smaller proportion of Pacific Island peoples (3.8%) and smaller proportion of Asian people (1.8%) compared with the whole of New Zealand. [ [http://www.stats.govt.nz/census/2006-census-data/regional-summary-tables.htm Statistics New Zealand: 2006 census] ]

Geography

The 820 m volcanic cone of Mount Edgecumbe/Putauaki lies 3 km to the east of Kawerau, and is easily visible from the town. The Tarawera River straddles Kawerau to the east and continues north to the Bay of Plenty. Water is supplied to the town from two natural springs. Kawerau's water was judged the best-tasting in New Zealand in 2003 and 2004. [ [http://www.kaweraudc.govt.nz/services/watersupply Kawerau District Council: Water Supply] ]

Kawerau has access to vast geothermal resources. There are a number of geothermal hot springs in the surrounding bush owned and operated by local families. The Kawerau geothermal field provides steam power for the paper mill, and a 90 MW geothermal power station is currently under construction [ [http://www.nzgeothermal.org.nz/geothermal_energy/nz_geothermal_fields.asp New Zealand Geothermal Association: Geothermal fields] ] .

The District has a land area of 21.9357 km² (8.4694 sq mi), making it the smallest territorial authority in New Zealand in terms of land area. It is completely surrounded by the Whakatane District.

Climate

During summer (December to February), the average daily maximum temperature in Kawerau is 23.7 Celsius. In January 2008, the temperature exceeded 30 degrees Celsius on five days. In winter (July to August) crisp early morning frosts are usually followed by clear, sunny days, and the average daily maximum temperature is around 15.6 degrees Celsius. [ [http://www.kaweraudc.govt.nz/aboutourdistrict/default.asp Kawerau District Council: About Our District] ]

Rainfall is spread throughout the year, though it is not uncommon to experience a drought during summer.

Events

Kawerau hosts a number of events each year, including the National Woodskills Festival, 'King of the Mountain' race and the Tarawera 100 motorcycle endurance race.

National Woodskills Festival

The National Woodskills Festival is a competition that encompasses a broad spectrum of wood craftsmanship and wood art. Some of the competitors are professionals but many are amateurs. The Woodskills Festival was first held in Kawerau in 1989 as a local competition. By 1991, the event had become such a popular annual competition that it was developed into a national event, attracting exhibitors from throughout New Zealand.

The annual festival attracts hundreds of visitors from around the country making it the town's largest event and largest money earner after the Norske Skog Tasman mill. As well as the Woodskills Festival there is an Arts & Crafts Festival with displays open on Saturday and Sunday at various venues around Kawerau.

ee also

*Kawerau geothermal power station

References

External links

* [http://www.kawerau.co.nz/ Kawerau community website]
* [http://www.kaweraudc.govt.nz/ Kawerau District Council website]


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