Payaos

Payaos

A payaos is a type of fish aggregating device used in Southeast Asia, particularly in the Philippines. Payaos were traditionally bamboo rafts for handline fishing before World War II, but modern steel payaos use fish lights and fish location sonar to increase yields. While payaos fishing is sustainable on a small scale, the large scale, modern applications have been linked to adverse impacts on fish stocks.

Traditional payaos

A traditional payaos is a simply constructed bamboo raft with a superstructure at or just below the waterline, most commonly constructed of palm fronds. Using hand-line fishing, fishermen take advantage of pelagic fish's attraction to floating objects. Large tuna can be caught in this manner at depths of under 300 meters, far shallower than by contemporary methods like purse seineing. Wesley A. Armstrong and Charles W. Oliver, "Recent Use of Fish Aggregating Devices in the Eastern Tropical Pacific Tuna Purse-Seine Fishery: 1990-1994," Southwest Fisheries Science Center. [http://swfsc.noaa.gov/uploadedFiles/Divisions/FRD/Fishery_Monitoring/Tuna/LJ-96-02-Text.pdf PDF] . Last accessed 20 December 2006] Before World War II anchored and drifting payaos were deployed in all Philippines regionalwaters barring the east, where strong currents prohibited it. Payaos are frequently anchored in the coastal waters, passively fishing for migrating fish.

The chronic overfishing of regional Philippine waters, combined with the low impact of shallow-water payaos fishing, has led to the establishment of the Tuna Productivity Project in Davao Gulf. This will encourage traditional and environmentally sound fishing, and aims to decrease the catch of juvenile fish. [Malcolm I. Sarmiento, Jr and Cesar M. Drilon, Jr, " [http://www.bfar.da.gov.ph/legislation/fao/fao224.htm Establishment of Tuna Productivity Project in Davao Gulf] ," Republic of the Philippines (Department of Agriculture). Last accessed 20 December 2006]

Modern payaos

The traditional payaos has been adapted to meet the demand for commercially sized catches. They are now commonly used in conjunction with purse seineers, pump boats, and gillnet fishing. The success of these methods has greatly increased the pressure on fish stocks. [Haruko Yamashita, "Problems of Export-Oriented Yellowfin Tuna Industry-Indonesia and the Philippines," Meikai University. [http://oregonstate.edu/dept/iifet/2000/papers/yamashita.pdf PDF] . Last accessed 20 December 2006] The use of lighted payaos to attract fish has also had a large impact on catch size and profitability, [T. Yonemori, H. Yanagawa and Lui Yean Pong," " [http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/W3628E/w3628e12.htm Interactions of longtail tuna fisheries in the western South China Sea] ," Southeast Asian Fishery Development Center. Last accessed 20 December 2006] and by the 1980s over 2,000 commercial payaos were being used in the Moro Gulf alone. [A.D. Lewis, "Review of tuna fisheries and the tuna fisherystatistical system in the Philippines," Commission for the Conservation and Managementof Highly Migratory Fish Stocks in the Western and Central Pacific. [http://www.wcpfc.int/ipdcp/pdf/IPDCP.2004.11.Philippines_Review.pdf PDF] . Last accessed 20 December 2006] By this time most other South Pacific nations had payaos programs and were seeking to improve their designs for increased durability for use in open ocean environments. [Raymond M. Buckley, David G. Itano and Troy W. Buckley, "Fish Aggregation Device (FAD) Enhancement of Offshore Fisheries in American Samoa," Workshop on Pacific Inshore Fishery Resources. [http://www.spc.int/coastfish/Reports/Wkshop_1988_papers/BP_text_searchable/BP69_Inshore_wkshop_1988.pdf PDF] . Last accessed 20 December 2006] In particular, the drifting payaos using seines, as well as the lighted anchored payaos, catch juvenile tuna and byproduct fish, thereby affecting the lifecycle of the tuna beyond the simple loss of numbers from the catch. No international policy has been set on the placement of payaos, and many are currently deployed in sea lanes, presenting a navigational hazard. The replacement of bamboo with steel cages has also increased potential danger from collision and entanglement. [Ricardo G. Sigua and Glenn D. Aguilar, "Maritime Incident Analysis Using GIS," "Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies" vol. 5, October 2003. [http://www.easts.info/2003journal/papers/0778.pdf PDF] . Last accessed 20 December 2006]

References

See also

*Aquaculture
*Artificial reef
*United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат

Look at other dictionaries:

  • payaos — a bamboo and palm fronds raft found in southeast Asia, particularly the Philippine. The raft attracts pelagic fish seeking shelter and food. Fishermen use handlines to catch the fish, even tuna. Modern gear can be made of stainless steel, involve …   Dictionary of ichthyology

  • List of fishing topics — This page is a list of fishing topics. AlphanumericTOC align=center nobreak= numbers= seealso= externallinks= references= top=| 11959 Escuminac Hurricane22004 Morecambe Bay cockling disasterAA Pobra do Caramiñal A River Somewhere Abalone ABU… …   Wikipedia

  • Fishing reel — A spinning reel A fishing reel is a cylindrical device attached to a fishing rod used in winding the line .[1] Modern fishing reels usually have fittings which make it easier to retrieve the line and deploy ( cast ) it for better accuracy or… …   Wikipedia

  • Noodling — For other uses, see Noodle (disambiguation). Lee McFarlin with a fish caught by noodling Noodling is fishing for catfish using only bare hands, practiced primarily in the southern United States. The noodler places his hand inside a discovered… …   Wikipedia

  • Fishing lure — In line spinner lure with ring, dish, body/weight and hook Fishing lures are made in various creative designs like this top water lure …   Wikipedia

  • Fish hook — Fishhook redirects here. For other uses, see Fishhook (disambiguation). Anatomy of a fish hook A fish hook is a device for catching fish either by impaling them in the mouth or, more rarely, by snagging the body of the fish. Fish hooks have been… …   Wikipedia

  • Creel (basket) — This article is about the basket type. For other uses, see Creel. Creel Creel is a type of small wicker basket mainly used by anglers to hold fish or other prey. A creel is designed to function as an evaporative cooler when lined with moss and… …   Wikipedia

  • Monofilament fishing line — A tangle of monofilament fishing line. The most common colorless variety can be seen. Monofilament fishing line (shortened to just monofilament) is fishing line made from a single fiber of plastic. Most fishing lines are now monofilament because… …   Wikipedia

  • Lobster trap — For other uses, see Lobster trap (disambiguation). Not to be confused with Lobster tailed pot Lobster pots in Jersey A lobster trap or lobster pot is a portable trap that traps lobsters or crayfish and is used in lobster fishing. A lobster trap… …   Wikipedia

  • Seine fishing — For other uses, see Seine (disambiguation). A basic seine net Seine fishing is fishing using a seine. A seine is a large fishing net that hangs in the water due to weights along the bottom edge and floats along the top. Boats equipped for seine… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”