John Bennet Lawes

John Bennet Lawes

:"Sir John Lawes" redirects here. Distinguish from Sir John Lawes (School)."

Sir John Bennet Lawes, 1st Baronet FRS (December 28, 1814–August 31, 1900) was an English entrepreneur and agricultural scientist. He founded an experimental farm at Rothamsted, where he developed a superphosphate that would mark the beginnings of the chemical fertilizer industry.

John Bennet Lawes was born at Rothamsted in modern-day Harpenden near St Albans, Hertfordshire, the only son of John Bennet Lawes, owner of the Rothamsted estate of somewhat more than 1000 acres (4 km²) and lord of the manor of Rothamsted. He was educated at Eton College and at Brasenose College, Oxford. Even before leaving Oxford in 1832, Lawes had begun to interest himself in growing various medicinal plants on the Rothamsted estates, which he inherited on his father's death in 1822. About 1837 he began to experiment on the effects of various manures on plants growing in pots, and a year or two later the experiments were extended to crops in the field. One immediate consequence was that in 1842 he patented a manure formed by treating phosphates with sulphuric acid, and thus initiated the artificial manure industry. In the succeeding year he enlisted the services of Joseph Henry Gilbert, with whom he carried on for more than half a century those experiments in raising crops and feeding animals which have rendered Rothamsted famous in the eyes of scientific agriculturists all over the world. In 1854 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, which in 1867 bestowed a Royal Medal on Lawes and Gilbert jointly, and in 1882 he was created a baronet.

In the year before his death Lawes took measures to ensure the continued existence of the Rothamsted experimental farm by setting aside £100,000 for that purpose and constituting the Lawes Agricultural Trust.

In Harpenden, Sir John Lawes School is named after him.

References

*1911
*Antonio Saltini, "Storia delle scienze agrarie", vol. III, "L'età della macchina a vapore e dei concimi industriali", Edagricole, Bologna 1989, 67-97

External links

* [http://www.open.ac.uk/ou5/Arts/chemists/person.cfm?SearchID=631 LAWES, John Bennett Sir]
* [http://www.royalsoc.ac.uk/DServe/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqSearch=RefNo='EC/1854/08'&dsqDb=Catalog Royal Society citation]
* [http://www.rothamsted.bbsrc.ac.uk/corporate/Origins.html Rothamsted Origins]
* [http://www.rothamsted.bbsrc.ac.uk/corporate/LawesAgriculturalTrust.html Lawes Agricultural Trust]


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат

Look at other dictionaries:

  • John Bennet Lawes — Sir John Bennet Lawes (* 28. Dezember 1814 in Rothamsted, Hertfordshire; † 31. August 1900 ebenda) war ein britischer Agrikulturchemiker. Er war Besitzer eines Gutsbetriebes in Rothamsted, auf dem er 1843 ein agrikulturchemisches Laboratorium… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Lawes , Sir John Bennet — (1814–1900) British agricultural chemist Lawes was the only son of the lord of the manor of Harpenden in Hertfordshire and inherited his father s estates in 1822. He was educated at Eton and Oxford University, but he left without taking a degree …   Scientists

  • Lawes, Sir John Bennet, 1st Baronet — ▪ English agronomist born Dec. 28, 1814, Rothamsted, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, Eng. died Aug. 31, 1900, Rothamsted       English agronomist who founded the artificial fertilizer industry and Rothamsted Experimental Station, the oldest… …   Universalium

  • Bennet — (von lateinisch „Benedict“: der Gesegnete, der Gepriesene) ist der Familienname folgender Personen: Abraham Bennet (1750–1799), britischer Physiker Augustus W. Bennet (1897–1983), US amerikanischer Politiker Benjamin Bennet (1764–1840), US… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Lawes — ist der Name von: Henry Lawes (um 1595–1662), englischer Musiker und Komponist Henry Lawes (Produzent) (um 1948–1999), jamaikanischer Musikproduzent John Bennet Lawes (1814–1900), britischer Agrikulturchemiker Kaitlyn Lawes (* 1988), kanadische… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Lawes Baronets — The Lawes Baronetcy, of Rothamsted in the County of Hertford, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 19 May 1882 for the entrepreneur and agricultural scientist John Bennet Lawes.Lawes Baronets, of Rothamsted… …   Wikipedia

  • Lawes — * William Lawes, an English composer and musician. * Henry Lawes, an English musician and composer. * John Bennet Lawes, an English entrepreneur and agricultural scientist. * Lewis Lawes, a prison warden and an outspoken proponent of prison… …   Wikipedia

  • Lawes — (spr. laos), Sir John Bennet, Landwirt, geb. 28. Dez. 1814 zu Rothamsted in Hartfordshire, gest. 31. Ang. 1900, studierte in Eton und Oxford, übernahm schon mit 20 Jahren die Leitung des väterlichen Gutes zu Rothamsted und beschäftigte sich… …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Charles Bennett Lawes — Sir Charles Bennett Lawes Wittewronge, 2nd Baronet (3 October 1843 – 6 October 1911) was an English rower, athlete and sculptor. He exhibited twelve works at the Royal Academy. As depicted by VER (François Verheyden) in Vanity Fair, 12… …   Wikipedia

  • Liste der Biografien/Lat–Laz — Biografien: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q …   Deutsch Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”