Michael I Rangabe

Michael I Rangabes Μιχαήλ Α΄ Ραγκαβές
Emperor of the Byzantine Empire
Emperor Michael I on a contemporary coin
Reign	2 October 811 – 813
Coronation	2 October 811 Hagia Sophia
Full name	Michael I Rangabes Ignatios
Born	c. 770
Died	11 January 844
Place of death	Prote Isla
Buried	Church on Prote Island, transferred to Monastery of Satyros
Predecessor	Staurakios
Successor	Leo V
Consort to	Prokopia
Offspring	Theophylaktos Staurakios Niketas Georgo Theophano
Father	Theophylaktos Rangabes

Michael I Rangabes (Greek: Μιχαήλ Α΄ Ραγκαβές, Mikhaēl I Rangabes) (died January 11, 844) was Byzantine Emperor from 811 to 813.

Michael was the son of the patrician Theophylaktos Rangabes, the admiral of the Aegean fleet. He married Prokopia, the daughter of the future Emperor Nikephoros I, and received the high court dignity of kouropalatēs after his father-in-law's accession in 802.

Michael survived Nikephoros' disastrous campaign against Krum of Bulgaria, and was considered a more appropriate candidate for the throne than his severely injured brother-in-law Staurakios. When Michael's wife Prokopia failed to persuade her brother to name Michael as his successor, Michael's supporters forced Staurakios to abdicate in his favor on October 2, 811.

Coronation by the Patriarch, as depicted in the Madrid Skylitzes.

Michael I attempted to carry out a policy of reconciliation, abandoning the exacting taxation instituted by Nikephoros I. While reducing imperial income, Michael generously distributed money to the army, the bureaucracy, and the Church. Elected with the support of the Orthodox party in the Church, Michael diligently persecuted the iconoclasts and forced the Patriarch Nikephoros to back down in his dispute with Theodore of Stoudios, the influential abbot of the monastery of Stoudios. Michael's piety won him a very positive estimation in the work of the chronicler Theophanes the Confessor.

In 812 Michael I reopened negotiations with the Franks, and recognized Charlemagne as basileus (emperor) without saying anything else. In exchange for that recognition, Venice was returned to the Byzantine Empire. However, under the influence of Theodore, Michael rejected the peace terms offered by Krum and provoked the capture of Mesembria (Nesebar) by the Bulgarians. After an initial success in spring 813, Michael's army prepared for a major engagement at Versinikia near Adrianople in June. The Byzantine army was turned to flight and the emperor's position was seriously weakened. With conspiracy in the air, Michael preempted events by abdicating in favor of the general Leo the Armenian and becoming a monk (under the name Athanasios). His sons were castrated and relegated into monasteries, one of them, Niketas (renamed Ignatios), eventually becoming Patriarch of Constantinople. Michael died peacefully in January 844.

Family

Flag depicting the Arms of the Rangabes family

By his wife Prokopia, Michael I had at least five children:

• Theophylaktos, co-emperor from 812 to 814.
• Staurakios
• Niketas, later Patriarch Ignatios of Constantinople.
• Georgo
• Theophano

Sources

• The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium, Oxford University Press, 1991.
• Ostrogorski, G.; History of the Byzantine State, Rutgers University Press (July 1986)
• Treadgold, W. A History of the Byzantine State and Society, Stanford University Press; 1 edition (November 1, 1997)
• Gregory, T., A History of Byzantium (Blackwell History of the Ancient World), Wiley-Blackwell (March 11, 2005)

External links

Media related to Michael I Rangabe at Wikimedia Commons

Michael I Rangabe Born: unknown Died: 11 January 844
Regnal titles
Preceded by Staurakios	Byzantine Emperor 811–813	Succeeded by Leo V

Persondata
Name	Michael 01
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth
Place of birth
Date of death	844
Place of death	Prote Isla