Laryngectomy

Laryngectomy

Interventions infobox
Name = PAGENAME


Caption =
ICD10 =
ICD9 = 30.2
ICD9_mult = ICD9proc|30.3 ICD9proc|30.4
MeshID = D007825
OtherCodes =

Laryngectomy is the removal of the larynx and separation of the airway from the mouth, nose, and esophagus. The laryngectomee breathes through an opening in the neck, a stoma.cite web |url=http://www.cancer.org/docroot/MBC/content/MBC_3_2X_Speech_After_Laryngectomy.asp |title=ACS :: Speech After Laryngectomy |accessdate=2007-12-05 |format= |work=] It is done in cases of laryngeal cancer. However, many laryngeal cancer cases are now treated only with radiation and chemotherapy or other laser procedures, and laryngectomy is performed when those treatments fail to conserve the larynx.

Voice replacement

* Voice functions are generally replaced with a voice prosthesis placed in the tracheo esophageal puncture created by the surgeon. The voice prosthesis vibrates the esophageal tissue in lieu of the larynx.

* A second method is the use of an electrolarynx. An electrolarynx is an external device that is placed against the neck and creates vibration that the speaker then articulates. The sound has been characterized as mechanical and robotic.

* A third method is called esophageal speech. The speaker pushes air into the esophagus and then pushes it back up, articulating speech sounds to speak. This method is time-consuming and difficult to learn and is seldom used by laryngectomees.

* A fourth method is the use of the UltraVoice speaking device which is built into an upper denture or retainer and worn inside the patient's mouth. The speech from the Ultravoice has computer controlled prosody which changes the pitch creating a more natural sound than the electrolarynx.

Uses

Laryngectomies number about 60,000 in the United States. Perhaps 10,000 laryngeal cancer cases are treated annually, but only about 3,000 people are laryngectomized. Because it is a relatively rare cancer and because the post-operative care is complex in achieving a functional result, laryngeal cancer patients should be treated at or at least consult a major federally designated cancer center, where the fields of surgery, radiology, chemotherapy, speech-language pathology are integrated in head and neck departments.

In animals

Laryngectomies may be applied to dogs as a debarking procedure.

References


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Laryngectomy — Lar yn*gec to*my, n. [Larynx + Gr. ? to cut out.] (Surg.) Excision of the larynx. [Webster 1913 Suppl.] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • laryngectomy — [lar΄in jek′tə mē] n. pl. laryngectomies [ LARYNG(O) + ECTOMY] the surgical removal of all or part of the larynx …   English World dictionary

  • Laryngectomy — Surgery to remove part or all of the larynx is a partial or total laryngectomy. In either operation, the surgeon performs a tracheostomy, creating an opening called a stoma in the front of the neck. (The stoma may be temporary or permanent). Air… …   Medical dictionary

  • laryngectomy — n. surgical removal of the larynx in the treatment of laryngeal carcinoma. Postoperatively the patient breathes through a tracheostomy. Speech is lost following the operation but can be restored by teaching the patient to swallow air and then… …   The new mediacal dictionary

  • Laryngectomy, partial — A laryngectomy that preserves the voice. The surgeon removes only part of the voice box just one vocal cord, part of a cord, or just the epiglottis and the stoma is temporary. After a brief recovery period, the tracheostomy tube is removed, and… …   Medical dictionary

  • Laryngectomy, total — A laryngectomy in which the whole voice box is removed, and the stoma is permanent. The patient breathes through the stoma, and must learn to talk in a new way …   Medical dictionary

  • laryngectomy — noun (plural mies) Date: circa 1888 surgical removal of all or part of the larynx • laryngectomized adjective …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • laryngectomy — /lar euhn jek teuh mee/, n., pl. laryngectomies. Surg. excision of part or all of the larynx. [1885 90; LARYNG + ECTOMY] * * * …   Universalium

  • laryngectomy — noun The surgical removal of part or all of the larynx. It is most often performed in cases of laryngeal cancer …   Wiktionary

  • laryngectomy — n. surgical removal of the larynx (Medicine) …   English contemporary dictionary

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