Image processing

Image processing is any form of signal processing for which the input is an image, such as photographs or frames of video; the output of image processing can be either an image or a set of characteristics or parameters related to the image. Most image-processing techniques involve treating the image as a two-dimensional signal and applying standard signal-processing techniques to it.

Image processing usually refers to digital image processing, but optical and analog image processing are also possible. This article is about general techniques that apply to all of them.

Typical operations

Among many other image processing operations are:

* Geometric transformations such as enlargement, reduction, and rotation
* Color corrections such as brightness and contrast adjustments, quantization, or conversion to a different color space
* Digital compositing or optical compositing (combination of two or more images). Used in filmmaking to make a "matte"
* Interpolation, demosaicing, and recovery of a full image from a raw image format using a Bayer filter pattern
* Image editing (e.g., to increase the quality of a digital image)
* Image differencing
* Image registration (alignment of two or more images)
* Image stabilization
* Image segmentation
* Extending dynamic range by combining differently exposed images
* 2-D object recognition with affine invariance

Applications

* Computer vision
* Face detection
* Feature detection
* Lane departure warning system
* Non-photorealistic rendering
* Medical image processing
* Microscope image processing
* Morphological image processing
* Remote sensing

ee also

* Photo manipulation
* List of computer vision conferences
* List of image analysis software

References

Further reading

* [http://jackieneoshen.googlepages.com/ImagingNewEra.html "Image Processing and Analysis - Variational, PDE, Wavelet, and Stochastic Methods"] , by Tony F. Chan and Jackie (Jianhong) Shen, ISBN 089871589X (2005)
*cite book
author = John C. Russ
title = The Image Processing Handbook
year = 2006
id = ISBN 0849372542
*cite book
title = Fundamentals of Image Processing
author = Ian T. Young, Jan J. Gerbrands, Lucas J. Van Vliet
isbn=90-75691-01-7
year= 1995
*cite book
title = Image Analysis and Mathematical Morphology
author = Jean Serra
isbn=0126372403
year=1982
*cite book
title=Image Analysis and Mathematical Morphology Volume 2: Theoretical Advances
author = Jean Serra
isbn=0-12-637241-1
year=1988

External links

* [http://www.archive.org/details/Lectures_on_Image_Processing Lectures on Image Processing] , by Alan Peters. Vanderbilt University. Updated 28 April 2008.