Urodidae

Taxobox
name = Urodidae


image_caption =
image_width =
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Arthropoda
classis = Insecta
ordo = Lepidoptera
ordo = Glossata
infraordo = Heteroneura
unranked_familia = Ditrysia
superfamilia = Urodoidea
superfamilia_authority =
familia = Urodidae
familia_authority = Kyrki, 1984
diversity = over 60 species
diversity_link = Lepidopteran diversity
subdivision_ranks = Genera
subdivision =
*"Spiladarcha" Meyrick, 1913

**="Anchimacheta" Walsingham, 1914

*"Urodus" Herrich-Schäffer, 1854

**="Aperla" Walker, 1856

**="Paratiquadra" Walsingham, 1897

**="Pexicnemidia" Möschler, 1890

**="Trichostibas" Zeller, 1863

*"Wockia" Heinemann, 1870

**="Patula" Bruand, 1850

**="Pygmocrates" Meyrick, 1932

Urodidae or "false burnet moths" is a family of insects in the lepidopteran order, representing its own superfamily, Urodoidea, with three genera, one of which, "Wockia", occurs in Europe.

Taxonomy and systematics

Urodidae were previously included in the superfamily Yponomeutoidea (Kyrki, 1984, 1988) and have also been lumped with Galacticidae (Heppner, 1991, 1997) or with other Sesioidea (Heppner, 1998). They belong to the lower part of the lepidopteran clade "Apoditrysia" [http://tolweb.org/Apoditrysia] (Dugdale et al., 1999) (i.e. not "Obtectomera" [http://www.tolweb.org/Obtectomera] ), but their closest relatives are as yet unknown and it is hoped that DNA sequencing can help resolve this question [http://www.leptree.net/Urodus_sp] .

Morphology and identification

Urodidae resemble some (Dugdale et al. (1999), and for more details).

Distribution

The genera "Urodus" and "Spiladarcha" occur in the Neotropics whilst "Wockia asperipunctella" occurs in Europe and has recently been found in northern North America (Heppner, 1997; Landry, 1998) and unless this is a recent invasion the species would be a good example of a Holarctic distribution pattern.

Biology and hostplants

The biology is poorly known, but the larvae can be found on various tree species including some fruit trees. The "Bumelia Webworm Moth" "Urodus parvula" is recorded on Lauraceae: (avocado="Persea"), Fagaceae ("Quercus"), Sapotaceae ("Sideroxylon") and Erythroxylaceae: Erythroxylum. "Urodus parvula" has also been reared on Rutaceae ("Citrus") and Malvaceae (Hibiscus) [http://internt.nhm.ac.uk/jdsml/research-curation/projects/hostplants/list.dsml?searchPageURL=index.dsml&Familyqtype=starts+with&Family=Urodidae&PFamilyqtype=starts+with&PFamily=&Genusqtype=starts+with&Genus=&PGenusqtype=starts+with&PGenus=&Speciesqtype=starts+with&Species=&PSpeciesqtype=starts+with&PSpecies=&Country=&sort=Family] . "W. asperipunctella" has in North America been reared from aspen "Populus tremuloides" (Landry, 1998) and also Salix in Europe. The pupa is contained in an open-mesh cocoon, which can be bright orange in colour, which is sometimes suspended on a very long thread below a leaf.

References

*Heppner, J. (1991). Faunal regions and the diversity of Lepidoptera. "Tropical Lepidoptera", '2 (Suppl. 1): 1-85.
*Heppner, J. (1997). "Wockia asperipunctella" in North America (Lepidoptera: Urodidae: Galacticinae). "Holarctic Lepidoptera", 4(2)
*Heppner, J. (1998). Classification of Lepidoptera. Part 1. Introduction. "Holarctic Lepidoptera", '5 (Suppl. 1): 1-148.
*Kyrki, J. (1983). Adult abdominal sternum II in ditrysian tineoid superfamilies - morphology and phylogenetic significance (Lepidoptera). "Annales Entomologia Fennica", 49: 89-9
*Kyrki, J. (1988). The systematic position of "Wockia" Heinemann, 1870 and related genera (Lepidoptera: Ditrysia: Yponomeutidae auct.). "Nota lepidopterologica", 11: 45-69.
*Landry, J.-F. (1998). Additional Nearctic records of "Wockia aspericpunctella", with notes on its distribution and structural variation (Lepidoptera: Urodidae). "Holarctic Lepidoptera", 5(3): 9-13.

ources

*"Firefly Encyclopedia of Insects and Spiders", edited by Christopher O'Toole, ISBN 1-55297-612-2, 2002. [Vernacular name]
*The systematic position of "Wockia" Heinemann, 1870, and related genera (Lepidoptera: Ditrysia: Yponomeutidae auct.). "Nota lepidopterologica", 11(1): 53. [http://www.zoobank.org/query.htm?q=Urodidae&Submit.x=8&Submit.y=3&searchType=simple&so=a0]

External links

* [http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Urodidae Tree of Life]
* [http://internt.nhm.ac.uk/jdsml/research-curation/projects/hostplants/list.dsml?searchPageURL=index.dsml&Familyqtype=starts+with&Family=Urodidae&PFamilyqtype=starts+with&PFamily=&Genusqtype=starts+with&Genus=&PGenusqtype=starts+with&PGenus=&Speciesqtype=starts+with&Species=&PSpeciesqtype=starts+with&PSpecies=&Country=&sort=Family NHM Hosts Database]
* [http://www.faunaeur.org/experts.php?group_id=63 Fauna Europaea Experts]
* [http://kimmos.freeshell.org/micro/ch/t1174f6.jpg"Wockia asperipunctella" from Lepidoptera of Finland]
* [http://www.origins.tv/MothPhotographersGroup/Files/Live/RN/RN2415.jpgMoth Photographer's Group]
* [http://bugguide.net/node/view/19692 "Urodus parvula"]
* [http://www.lepbarcoding.org/species_images.php?campaign=nth_am&level=family,sub_family,species&type=Urodidae,No%20subfamily%20assigned,Urodus%20parvula "Urodus parvula" voucher]
* [http://www.lepbarcoding.org/species_images/phpThumb.php?src=http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/XAF/EOS20D_2_2005-ONT-371.jpg&w=365&fltr=wmt|Dorsal|4|BR|CC3300|verdana.TTF|100|5|0 Barcoding progress]
* [http://www.leptree.net/Urodus_sp Nuclear gene sequencing progress]
* [http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Urodidae Wikispecies]

Provisional list of species (based on Lepindex)

*"Spiladarcha capnodes" (Walsingham, 1914) (originally in "Anchimacheta") [Type locality Mexico] [http://internt.nhm.ac.uk/jdsml/research-curation/projects/lepindex/detail.dsml?TaxonNo=123713.0&UserID=&UserName=&&listPageURL=list%2edsml%3fsort%3dSCIENTIFIC%255fNAME%255fon%255fcard%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcardqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcard%3dcapnodes%26recLimit%3d30&searchPageURL=index%2edsml%3fSCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcardqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26sort%3dSCIENTIFIC%255fNAME%255fon%255fcard%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcard%3dcapnodes%26recLimit%3d30 Card]
*"Spiladarcha derelicta" Meyrick, 1913 [Type locality British Guiana] [http://internt.nhm.ac.uk/jdsml/research-curation/projects/lepindex/detail.dsml?UserID=&UserName=&TaxonNo=123714.0&SCIENTIFIC_NAME_on_card=derelicta&listPageURL=list%2edsml%3fSCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcardqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26sort%3dSCIENTIFIC%255fNAME%255fon%255fcard%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcard%3dcapnodes%26recLimit%3d30&searchPageURL=index%2edsml%3fsort%3dSCIENTIFIC%255fNAME%255fon%255fcard%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcardqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcard%3dcapnodes%26recLimit%3d30 Card]
*"Spiladarcha iodes" (Walsingham, 1914) (originally in "Anchimacheta") [Type locality Mexico] [http://internt.nhm.ac.uk/jdsml/research-curation/projects/lepindex/detail.dsml?UserID=&UserName=&TaxonNo=123714.0&SCIENTIFIC_NAME_on_card=derelicta&listPageURL=list%2edsml%3fSCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcardqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26sort%3dSCIENTIFIC%255fNAME%255fon%255fcard%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcard%3dcapnodes%26recLimit%3d30&searchPageURL=index%2edsml%3fsort%3dSCIENTIFIC%255fNAME%255fon%255fcard%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcardqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcard%3dcapnodes%26recLimit%3d30 Card]
*"Spiladarcha tolmetes" (Walsingham, 1914) (originally in "Anchimacheta") [Type locality Mexico] [http://internt.nhm.ac.uk/jdsml/research-curation/projects/lepindex/detail.dsml?UserID=&UserName=&TaxonNo=123714.0&SCIENTIFIC_NAME_on_card=derelicta&listPageURL=list%2edsml%3fSCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcardqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26sort%3dSCIENTIFIC%255fNAME%255fon%255fcard%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcard%3dcapnodes%26recLimit%3d30&searchPageURL=index%2edsml%3fsort%3dSCIENTIFIC%255fNAME%255fon%255fcard%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcardqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcard%3dcapnodes%26recLimit%3d30 Card]
*"Urodus amphilocha" Meyrick, 1923
*"Urodus aphanoptis" Meyrick, 1930
*"Urodus aphrogama" Meyrick, 1936
*"Urodus auchmera" Walsingham, 1914
*"Urodus brachyanches" Meyrick, 1931
*"Urodus calligera" Zeller, 1877 (originally in ?)
*"Urodus carabopa" Meyrick, 1925
*"Urodus chiquita" Busck, 1910 (originally in ?)
*"Urodus chrysoconis" Meyrick, 1932
*"Urodus costaricae" Busck, 1910 (originally in ?)
*"Urodus cumulata" Walsingham, 1914
*"Urodus cyanombra" Meyrick, 1913 (originally in ?)
*"Urodus cyclopica" Meyrick, 1930
*"Urodus decens" Meyrick, 1925
*"Urodus distincta" Strand, 1911 (originally in ?)
*"Urodus favigera" Meyrick, 1913 (originally in ?)
*"Urodus fonteboae" Strand, 1911 (originally in ?)
*"Urodus forficulella" (Walsingham, 1897) (originally in "Paratiquadra")
*"Urodus fulminalis" Meyrick, 1931
*"Urodus fumosa" (Zeller, 1863) (originally in "Trichostibas")
*"Urodus hephaestiella" (Zeller, 1877) (originally in ?)
*"Urodus hexacentris" Meyrick, 1931
*"Urodus imitans" Felder, 1875 (originally in ?)
*"Urodus imitata" Druce, 1884
*"Urodus iophlebia" Zeller, 1877 (originally in ?)
*"Urodus isoxesta" Meyrick, 1932
*"Urodus isthmiella" Busck, 1910 (originally in ?)
*"?Urodus lissopeda" (Meyrick, 1932) (originally in "Pygmocrates") [Type locality Brazil] [http://internt.nhm.ac.uk/jdsml/research-curation/projects/lepindex/detail.dsml?TaxonNo=123685.0&UserID=&UserName=&&listPageURL=list%2edsml%3fsort%3dSCIENTIFIC%255fNAME%255fon%255fcard%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcardqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcard%3dlissopeda%26recLimit%3d30&searchPageURL=index%2edsml%3fSCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcardqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26sort%3dSCIENTIFIC%255fNAME%255fon%255fcard%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcard%3dlissopeda%26recLimit%3d30 Card]
*"Urodus lithophaea" Meyrick, 1913 (originally in ?)
*"Urodus marantica" Walsingham, 1914
*"Urodus merida" Strand, 1911 (originally in ?)
*"Urodus mirella" (Möschler, 1890) (originally in "Pexicnemidia")
*"Urodus modesta" Druce, 1884
*"Urodus niphatma" Meyrick, 1925
*"Urodus opticosema" Meyrick, 1930
*"Urodus ovata" Zeller, 1877 (originally in ?)
*"Urodus pallidicostella" Walsingham, 1897
*"Urodus pamporphyra" Meyrick, 1936
*"Urodus parvula" Edwards, 1881 (originally in ?) [http://www.lepbarcoding.org/species_images/phpThumb.php?src=http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/LNC/05-NCCC-446%2B1146514152.jpg&w=365&fltr=wmt|Dorsal|4|BR|CC3300|verdana.TTF|100|5|0]
*"Urodus perischias" Meyrick, 1925
*"Urodus porphyrina" Meyrick, 1932
*"Urodus praetextata" Meyrick, 1913 (originally in ?)
*"Urodus procridias" Meyrick, 1936
*"Urodus pulvinata" Meyrick, 1923
*"Urodus sanctipaulensis" Strand, 1911 (originally in ?)
*"Urodus scythrochalca" Meyrick, 1932
*"Urodus sordidata" Zeller, 1877 (originally in ?)
*"Urodus spumescens" Meyrick, 1925
*"Urodus staphylina" Meyrick, 1932
*"Urodus subcaerulea" Dognin, 1910
*"Urodus sympiestis" Meyrick, 1925
*"Urodus tineiformis" (Walker, 1856) (originally in "Aperla")
*"Urodus transverseguttata" Zeller, 1877 (originally in ?)
*"Urodus triancycla" Meyrick, 1931
*"Urodus venatella" Busck, 1910 (originally in ?) [Type locality Brasilien] [http://internt.nhm.ac.uk/jdsml/research-curation/projects/lepindex/detail.dsml?UserID=&UserName=&TaxonNo=123714.0&SCIENTIFIC_NAME_on_card=derelicta&listPageURL=list%2edsml%3fSCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcardqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26sort%3dSCIENTIFIC%255fNAME%255fon%255fcard%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcard%3dcapnodes%26recLimit%3d30&searchPageURL=index%2edsml%3fsort%3dSCIENTIFIC%255fNAME%255fon%255fcard%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcardqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcard%3dcapnodes%26recLimit%3d30 Card]
*"Urodus xiphura" Meyrick, 1931
*"Wockia asperipunctella" Bruand, 1850 (originally in "Anacampsis") [http://www2.nrm.se/en/svenska_fjarilar/w/images/wockia_asperipunctella_male.gif] [http://kimmos.freeshell.org/micro/ch/t1174f6.jpg]
**="Patula asperipunctella" Bruand, 1850 [Type locality France] [http://internt.nhm.ac.uk/jdsml/research-curation/projects/lepindex/detail.dsml?TaxonNo=121870.0&UserID=&UserName=&&listPageURL=list%2edsml%3fsort%3dSCIENTIFIC%255fNAME%255fon%255fcard%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcardqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcard%3dasperipunctella%26recLimit%3d30&searchPageURL=index%2edsml%3fSCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcardqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26sort%3dSCIENTIFIC%255fNAME%255fon%255fcard%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcard%3dasperipunctella%26recLimit%3d30 Card]
**="Wockia funebrella" Heinemann, 1870 [http://internt.nhm.ac.uk/jdsml/research-curation/projects/lepindex/detail.dsml?TaxonNo=128363.0&UserID=&UserName=&&listPageURL=list%2edsml%3fsort%3dSCIENTIFIC%255fNAME%255fon%255fcard%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcardqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcard%3dfunebrella%26recLimit%3d30&searchPageURL=index%2edsml%3fSCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcardqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26sort%3dSCIENTIFIC%255fNAME%255fon%255fcard%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcard%3dfunebrella%26recLimit%3d30 Card]