- Erwin Axer
Erwin Axer (b.
January 1 , 1917 in Vienna) is a Polish theatre director, writer and university professor. A long-time head ofTeatr Współczesny in Warsaw, he also staged numerous plays abroad, notably in German-speaking countries and in the USA.Although born in Vienna, Erwin Axer spent most of his early years in Lwów (modern Lviv, Ukraine). Born to a wealthy family of
Maurycy Axer , a noted lawyer, young Erwin decided to devote his life to theatre. In late 1930s his début was "Moon of the Caribbes " byEugene O'Neill . In 1938 he also staged "Nędza uszczęśliwiona" byMaciej Kamieński and "The Tidings Brought to Mary" byPaul Claudel . The following year he graduated from the State Institute of Theatrical Art and directed "Miss Julie " byAugust Strindberg . However, thePolish Defensive War and the outbreak ofWorld War II put his career to an end. He spent the first years of the Soviet occupation in Lwów, where he made his living acting and staging dramas in the communist-controlled "Polish Dramatic Theatre", the only Polish-language theatre left open in the city. However, following the German takeover of the city and the arrest of his father, Axer moved to Warsaw.He took part in the
Warsaw Uprising of 1944 and was taken prisoner by the Germans and sent to a quarry in Germany as a slave worker. After the war he returned to Poland and in 1946 became the head of the "Chamber Theatre of the Soldiers' House" in Łódź, an institution that moved to Warsaw the following year and was renamed theTeatr Współczesny . Axer headed that theatre for almost 40 years and retired only in 1981, following the imposition of theMartial Law in Poland . Between 1954 and 1957 he also headed the National Theatre, the most prestigious scene in post-war Poland. Since 1949 he was also a professor at the Warsaw-based Theatrical Academy. After 1962 Axer regularly directed plays abroad. Among the countries he visited were Germany, Switzerland, USSR, USA and the Netherlands. Since 1972 he is a collaborator of the VienneseBurgtheater .
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