Battleground (film)

Infobox Film
name = Battleground


image_size = 215px
caption = theatrical poster
director = William Wellman
producer = Dore Schary
Robert Pirosh
writer = Robert Pirosh
starring = Van Johnson
John Hodiak
Ricardo Montalban
George Murphy
music = Lennie Hayton
cinematography = Paul Vogel
editing = John D. Dunning
distributor = Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
released = 9 November fy|1949 "(DC)"
11 November "(NYC)"
1 December "(LA)"
20 January fy|1950 "(general)"
runtime = 118 minutes
country = FilmUS
language = English
budget = $2 million "(est)"
gross = $5 million "(app.)"
imdb_id = 0041163

"Battleground" is a fy|1949 war film that tells the story of the 3rd platoon of Item Company, 327th Glider Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division, [In actuality the unit would have been part of 1st Battalion of the 401st Glider Infantry Regiment, the companies of which were designated Able, Baker, Charlie, and Dog. There was no 3rd Battalion listed on the table of organization for the 327th GIR until the 1st of the 401st was disbanded on 1 March 1945, the personnel and equipment concurrently designated and constituted as the 3rd of the 327th. At that time, its companies were organized as Item, King, Love, and Mike. Thus the companies to which the two replacements were allocated at the beginning of the film (Item and King) did not exist in December 1944, and none of the many veteran glidermen in the audience could say: "That was my unit, and it didn't happen that way!" ] trying to cope with the Siege of Bastogne during the Battle of the Bulge in World War II. It stars Van Johnson, John Hodiak, Ricardo Montalban and George Murphy, and features James Whitmore. It was directed by William Wellman from a script by Robert Pirosh.

The film is notable for portraying American soldiers as vulnerable and human, as opposed to just inspirational and gung-ho. While there is no question concerning their courage and steadfastness, each soldier has at least one moment in the film when he seriously considers running away, schemes to get sent away from the front line, or vocally complains about being in the situation he is in. In spite of all their fears and misery, though, they stay at their posts when the battle is at its worst, and exhibit great pride in their unit and in themselves. "Battleground" is considered to be the first significant film about World War II to be made and released after the end of the war. [Filmsite.org [http://www.filmsite.org/warfilms2.html War and Anti-War Film] ]

Plot

In Bastogne, Belgium in the bitter and foggy winter of December 1944, the American 101st Airborne Division is completely surrounded by the German Wehrmacht during the Battle of the Bulge, and is short on fuel, food and ammunition – bad weather has grounded the transport planes which could airlift them supplies. "Battleground" follows one platoon as they get the orders which lands them up in Bastogne, and as they cope with their many difficulties during the siege.

Cast

Production

"Battleground" was originally an RKO property, which was called "Prelude to Love" to hide its subject matter,Lang Thompson [http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title.jsp?stid=2199&category=Articles "Battleground" (TCM article)] ] but was shelved when production head Dore Schary resigned, despite $100,000 having been put into the property to that point. When Schary went to MGM, he purchased the rights to the script from RKO, over the objections of Louis B. Mayer, who believed that the public was tired of war films. At MGM, Robert Taylor and Keenan Wynn were reported to be penciled in for the film, along with Van Johnson and John Hodiak, and the project was budgeted at $2 million.TCM [http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title.jsp?stid=2199&category=Notes Notes] ]

Robert Pirosh had based the script on his own experiences during the Battle of the Bulge, although he did not serve with the 101st Airborne. Many of the incidents in the film were based on actual events. Twenty veterans of the 101st were hired to train the actors and were used in the film as extras. [IMDB [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0041163/trivia Notes] ]

The film was in production from 5 April to 3 June fy|1949, [TCM [http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title.jsp?stid=2199 Overview] ] with location shooting in northern California, Oregon and Washington state. Fort Lewis, Washington was used for the tank sequence showing the relief of the 101st Airborne by Patton's Third Army. Shooting took 20 days less than was scheduled, due in part to innovations instituted by Schary such as processing film as it was shot, and dubbing and cutting it so that scenes could be previewed with two days of being shot. The film came in almost $100,000 under budget.

"Battleground" received a number of premieres before its general release. A private showing for President Harry S. Truman was arranged even before the premiere in Washington D.C. on 9 November 1949, which was attended by Brigadier General Anthony Clement McAuliffe, who commanded the 101st during the siege of Bastogne. [It was McAuliffe who responded to a request by the Germans to surrender with the succinct message "Nuts!"] Two days later, on 11 November, the film premiered in New York City, and then on 1 December in Los Angeles. The film's general American release was on 20 January fy|1950. [IMDB [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0041163/releaseinfo Release dates] ]

Response

"Battleground" was MGM's largest grossing film in five years, taking in a total of over $5 million in the U.S. market alone, [IMDB [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0041163/business Business data] ] and was rated by "Photoplay" as the best picture of the year. MGM released a sequel in fy|1951, "Go For Broke", also starring Van Johnson.

Awards and honors

"Battleground" won two Academy Awards: for Best Cinematography, Black-and-White (Paul C. Vogel) and for Best Writing, Story and Screenplay (Robert Pirosh). It was also nominated for Best Picture, Best Director (William A. Wellman), Best Film Editing (John D. Dunning), and Best Actor in a Supporting Role (James Whitmore).

James Whitmore won a 1950 Golden Globe Award as Best Supporting Actor, and Robert Pirosh's script won Best Screenplay. Pirosh was also nominated for a Writers Guild Award for Best Written American Drama. [IMDB [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0041163/awards Awards] ]

Notes

External links

*
*
*