Parisii (Yorkshire)

Infobox Celts of England
fullname = Parisii


name = Parisii
capital = "Petuaria" (Brough)
location = East Riding of Yorkshire
origin = "Lutetia Parisiorum", Gaul
(now known as Paris, France)The Parisii were a Celtic tribe who in pre-Roman times controlled almost all of the area which is now known as the East Riding of Yorkshire. Their kingdom or "civitas" was known as Parisiorum, its capital was Petuaria, which in the modern day is known as Brough.

There was also a Parisii tribe in Gaul around the area today known as Paris, the two are thought to be the same peoples due to the very similar culture. On the island of Great Britain, the Parisii were bordered by the Brigantes in the rest of the Yorkshire-area and just across the Humber were the Corieltauvi peoples.

Historians assert that, after the Romans had left Britain following three and a half centuries of rule, Parisiorum re-emerged as a Celtic petty kingdom under the name Deira. Though this was short lived and remained Celtic for only a short period of time before the Angle invaders took it. [cite news|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=QI_-cR_nZYsC&pg=PA199&lpg=PA199&dq=parisiorum+yorkshire+brigantia&source=web&ots=3Ad-yJp7MZ&sig=V5GKFXZaGJsecsGufcNRMzLUS58|publisher=Christopher A. Snyder|title=The Britons|date=24 October 2007]

History and culture

Traditionally seen as being populated by emigrants from the tribe of the same name based in Gaul. The burial processes of the Gaulish and British tribes differ slightly but the Iron Age Arras Culture which settled around East Yorkshire in the early La Tène period shows distinctive continental influence. Barry Cunliffe states that the Arras Culture, which is associated with the Parisii, demonstrates economic and social continuity from the 5th century BC onwards, however, and the view that the East Yorkshire Parisii were a colony of the Gaulish Parisii may be a simplistic one.

With the Suessiones, the Gallic Parisii participated in the general rising of Vercingetorix against Julius Caesar in 52 BC. Following their defeat by Caesar in 52 BC, some may at this time have fled to Britain although it is more likely that Parisii had already colonised part of the island before this time and preceding the waves of Belgic immigration.

Burials involving placing the deceased in a wheeled vehicle beneath square barrows, as found in both the Marne region of France and in the British Parisii homeland, was considered proof of a genetic link. An alternative explanation to a folk movement however is that the British Arras culture was an attempt by some of the native Britons to ape continental society. It may be that the upper echelons of British society were trying to distinguish themselves by copying foreign ways. The vehicle burial aspect of the culture developed in Britain in the third and second centuries BC which suggests that it was adopted independently and prior to the historic defeat of Vercingetorix. Alternatively the practice may have been forgotten and then re-introduced by an immigrant group.

Either way, it is clear from the archaeological record that the two groups of Parisii had a close affinity.

Barry Cunliffe in "Iron Age Communities in Britain" (1974) p. 45, distinguishes the "Parisii" as those in the Nanterre-Paris region, and the "Parisi" as those who moved to Britain, based on Ptolemy's descriptions.

The small Roman town of "Petuaria Parisorum" 'Quarter/Fourth Part of the Parisii', now Brough or Brough-on-Humber, was named after the tribe, and was probably the tribal capital.

References

External links

* [http://www.roman-britain.org/tribes/parisi.htm Parisi] at [http://www.roman-britain.org/ Roman-Britain.org]
* [http://www.romans-in-britain.org.uk/clb_tribe_parisi.htm Parisi] at [http://www.romans-in-britain.org.uk/ Romans in Britain]