Hajdú-Bihar County

Infobox Hungarian county
name =Hajdú-Bihar

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region =Northern Great Plain
seat = Debrecen
area = 6211
population = 543,800
density = 87
cities = 82

Hajdú-Bihar is an administrative county (comitatus or megye) in eastern Hungary, on the border with Romania. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg, Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén, Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok and Békés. The capital of Hajdú-Bihar county is Debrecen. Approximate pronunciation: "Huydoo-Beehawr."

Geography

The area of the county does not form a geographical unit; it shares several features with the neighbouring areas: from northeast the sand hills of the Nyírség spread over the county borders. The western part is the Hortobágy ("Puszta"), a large flat area of the country.

The county of Hajdú-Bihar occupies the eastern part of Hungary. Most of its territory is completely flat and is part of the Pannonian Plain region (called the Grand Plain in the country). The highest point hardly rises over 170.5 metres in the north. It seems that the county slopes to the south because the lowest point is situated in this part of Hajdú-Bihar and hits the 85 metres height.

The wind and rivers formed and shaped the land for thousands of years. First the area of the present-day Hungary was occupied by an inland sea. Then, after some underground movement, the huge peaks of the Carpathians rose from this sea. The wild and rapid rivers of the mountains slowly made that inland sea disappear. Later, the great Hungarian plain was formed by the alluvial deposits of the rivers, the wind began to work and from the great rocks became smaller and smaller sand-grains, the so-called loess. This covers thickly the Hajdú-Bihar plain as well and makes a fertile soil.

There are two great rivers in this area, the Tisza and the Körös. The Hortobágy area was formed by the first one. It used to be the flood area of the Tisza river and after the river was controlled, the Hortobágy became dry, resulting in special fauna.

History

Hajdú-Bihar county was created after World War II from the pre-1938 counties Hajdú and Bihar. See the articles of those counties for the history before World War II.

Economy

Infrastructure

Roads and motorways

The No. 4, 33, 35, 42 and 47 roads lead to the county, and you can also reach Hajdú-Bihar via the M3 motorway (this motorway is now has a spur to Debrecen). The total length of the public roads in the county is 1511 km. 122 road bridges span the rivers and canals. The roads cross the national borders to Romania at the cities of Ártánd and Nyírábrány.

Regional structure

Compared to the average, Hajdú-Bihar has a small number of inhabited places: 19 towns and 62 villages. The four largest cities – both by area and by population – are Debrecen, Hajdúböszörmény, Hajdúnánás and Hajdúszoboszló. For a long time these were the only ones with city/town status, the rest were only villages, but after 1979 – when Berettyóújfalu became a town – several villages were promoted.

City with county rights

* Debrecen (county seat)

Towns

(ordered by population, according to the 2001 census)

*Hajdúböszörmény (32,228)
*Nádudvar (9,213)
*Tiszacsege (5,003)
*Hajdúszoboszló (23,695)
*Polgár (8,418)
*Földes (4,382)
*Balmazújváros (18,615)
*Nyíradony (7,893)
*Biharkeresztes (4,273)
*Hajdúnánás (18,185)
*Létavértes (7,218)
*Nyírábrány (3,973)
*Berettyóújfalu (16,227)
*Kaba (6,446)
*Sárrétudvari (3,049)
*Püspökladány (16,126)
*Téglás (6,338)
*Pocsaj (2,732)
*Hajdúhadház (13,001)
*Komádi (6,143)
*Bagamér (2,454)
*Hajdúsámson (10,946)
*Egyek (5,620)
*Csökmő (2,188)
*Hajdúdorog (9,595)
*Hosszúpályi (5,525)
*Derecske (9,285)
*Vámospércs (5,497)

Villages

*Álmosd
*Ártánd
*Bakonszeg
*Báránd
*Bedő
*Berekböszörmény
*Bihardancsháza
*Biharnagybajom
*Bihartorda
*Bocskaikert
*Bojt
*Darvas
*Ebes
*Esztár
*Folyás
*Fülöp
*Furta
*Gáborján
*Görbeháza
*Hajdúbagos
*Hajdúszovát
*Hencida
*Hortobágy
*Kismarja
*Kokad
*Konyár
*Körösszakál
*Körösszegapáti
*Magyarhomorog
*Mezőpeterd
*Mezősas
*Mikepércs
*Monostorpályi
*Nagyhegyes
*Nagykereki
*Nagyrábé
*Nyíracsád
*Nyírmártonfalva
*Sáp
*Sáránd
*Szentpéterszeg
*Szerep
*Tépe
*Tetétlen
*Tiszagyulaháza
*Told
*Újiráz
*Újléta
*Újszentmargita
*Újtikos
*Váncsod
*Vekerd
*Zsáka

External links

*hu icon [http://www.hbmo.hu Official site]
*hu icon [http://www.haon.hu Hajdu Online - The county portal]
*hu icon [http://vendeglatas.haon.hu Restaurants, bars, pubs, gastro-articles, daily menus from Hajdú-Bihar]