Banten

Infobox Provinces of Indonesia
name=Banten
country=Indonesia

motto = "Iman Taqwa"
(Faith and Piety)
capital=Serang
population= 9083114
population_as_of = 2005
area_in_km2 = 9160.7
Time=WIB (UTC+7)
ethnicity = Bantenese (47%), Sundanese (23%), Javanese (12%), Betawi (10%), Chinese (1%) cite book
last =
first =
publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian Studies
title =Indonesia's Population: Ethnicity and Religion in a Changing Political Landscape
date =
year =2003
url =
accessdate = ]
religion = Islam (96.6%), Protestant (1.2%), Catholic (1%), Buddhism (0.7%), Hindu (0.4%)
language = Indonesian, Javanese, Sundanese
governor=Ratu Atut Chosiyah
site= [http://www.banten.go.id/ www.banten.go.id]


.

History

Banten in the fifth century was part of Tarumanagara kingdom. A stone inscription, called Prasasti Cidanghiang, coming from Tarumanagara era can be found at Lebak area at the bank of Cidanghiang river, in Pandeglang Regency, Banten. The Prasasti Cidanghiang, found in 1947, contains 2 lines of poetic sentences in Sanskrit written in Pallava characters. The inscription proclaims Purnawarman as the standard for rulers around the world. [cite book
last =
first =
publisher=Yayasan Cipta Loka Caraka
title = The Sunda Kingdom of West Java From Tarumanagara to Pakuan Pajajaran with the Royal Center of Bogor
date =
year =2007
url =
accessdate = ]

After Tarumanagara power declined, probably due to series of invasions from Srivijaya kingdom, all Tarumanagara territory, including Banten, was controlled by Sunda kingdom. Based on travel records of Prince Bujangga Manik, a Hindu Sundanese monk who visited all of the holy Hindu sites in Java Island and Bali Island at the beginning of the sixteenth century AD, in his lontar manuscripts, which are saved in Bodleian Library of Oxford University of England since the 16th century, Banten was part of Sunda kingdom. [cite book
last =
first =
publisher=KITLV Press
title = Three Old Sundanese Poems
date =
year =2007
url =
accessdate = ]

In this era of Sunda kingdom, Banten became one of very important ports of the kingdom. Portuguese historical record tells that Sunda kingdom with great city of Dayo Pakuan Pajajaran (currently Bogor city), the town and lands and port of Banten, the port of Pontang, the port of Cigede, the port of Tangaram (Tangerang), the port of Sunda Kalapa, and the port of Cimanuk are justly governed. [cite book
last =
first =
publisher=Cipta Loka Caraka
title = Sumber-sumber asli sejarah Jakarta, Jilid I: Dokumen-dokumen sejarah Jakarta sampai dengan akhir abad ke-16
date =
year =1999
url =
accessdate = ]

In 1524/1525, Sunan Gunung Jati from Cirebon Sultanate (former vasal Sunda kingdom) together with Demak Sultanate armies seized port of Banten from the control of Sunda kingdom, and established Banten Sultanate affilialting to Demak Sultanate. Islam preachers have penetrated and introduced people the peaceful way of life of Islam and as result many people in the region embraced Islam as their belief.

During 1552-1570, Maulana Hasanudin ruled as the first Sultan of Banten.

Banten then become a part of West Java province in 1925 when Dutch Colonial established West Java province, the first province in Indonesia, referring to a statement from Staatblad number 378.

In the present day, the area of Sultanate of Banten is a province. The province was established on 17 October 2000 through the Law Number 23/2000, but the peak of celebration to the establishment happened on 4 October 2000 when tens of thousands of citizen of Banten came to the People's Representative Council (DPR) building at South Jakarta, at the same time as the plenary meeting of the parliament to authenticate the law of forming the Province of Banten. Therefore the society of Banten mutually agree to set 4 October 2000 as day of the establishment of Banten Province.

Administrative division

Banten is subdivided into 4 regencies* ("kabupaten") and 3 cities** ("kota"):
*Lebak*
*Pandeglang*
*Serang*
*Tangerang*
*Serang**
*Cilegon**
*Tangerang**

Demographics

As of the 2005, the population of Banten is estimated to be 9.308.944. As of the 1990 census, the population was 5.967.907 (increased approximately 55.986% in 15 years).cite book
last =BPS
first =
publisher=Kerjasama Bapeda Provinsi Banten dengan BPS Provinsi Banten
title =Banten Dalam Angka 2005
date =
year =2005
url =
accessdate = ] The two biggest regencies in terms of population are Tangerang, and Serang. Tangerang Regency is inhabited mostly by Sundanese meanwhile Serang Regency is inhabited mostly by Javanese. Together, these regencies make up approximately 55,76% of the Banten population. Major urban population centers are Serang, Tangerang and Cilegon cities.

Banten consists of Bantenese, Sundanese and Javanese. Sundanese toponyms are common in these regions which often begins with the morpheme "ci-", which means "river" or "water". [ [http://earth-info.nga.mil/gns/html/Indonesia_Names_Standardization_Policy1.0.pdf Indonesia Names Standardization Policy] ] In urban centers, other minorities such as Chinese Indonesians and Arabs are common.

Language

The most dominant language is Sundanese [ [http://www.ethnologue.com/show_map.asp?name=IDJ&seq=20 Language maps of Indonesia (Java and Bali) ] ] [http://www.ecai.org/austronesiaweb/AustronesiaASP/PacificMapLeaf.asp?mapleafid=L039 ECAI - Pacific Language Mapping ] . The indigenous people living in Banten Province speak a Sundanese dialect derived from archaic Sundanese language. The dialect is classified as informal or harsh layer in modern Sundanese language, having different layers as Javanese language. [cite book
last = Purwo
first = Bambang K.
publisher=
title ="Factors influencing comparison of Sundanese, Javanese, Madurese, and Balinese."
date =
year =1993
url =
accessdate = ]

However, in small cities of Serang and Cilegon, Banten dialect of the Javanese language is also used by Javanese ethnic group. [ [http://www.ecai.org/austronesiaweb/AustronesiaASP/PacificMapLeaf.asp?mapleafid=L039 ECAI - Pacific Language Mapping ] ] . And, in Northern part of Tangerang, Indonesian language with Betawi dialect is also used by Betawi imigrants. Besides Sundanese, Javanese and Betawi dialect, Indonesian language is also widely spoken especially by other ethnic imigrants from other parts of Indonesia especially in urban centers.

Culture

Golok is the traditional weapon in Banten and Kujang is used by Kanekes (Baduy) people of Banten.

References

ee also

*2007 Jakarta flood

External links

*id icon [http://www.banten.go.id/ Official website]
* [http://www.panoramio.com/photo/8975339 Cagar alam Rawa Danau di Banten]