Haplogroup IJ (Y-DNA)

Haplogroup IJ (Y-DNA)

Infobox haplogroup
name =IJ


origin-date =
origin-place =Middle East
ancestor =F
descendants =I, J
mutations =M429, P123, P124, P125, P126, P127, P129, P130, S2, S22In human genetics, Haplogroup IJ is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup.Haplogroup IJ is a descendant branch of the greater Haplogroup F.

Origin

It is notable that no example of a Haplogroup IJ* Y-chromosome has been found among any modern human population; the existence of the Haplogroup IJ node has been inferred from the fact that certain mutations are shared in common among all Y-chromosomes belonging to the descendant haplogroups I and J. The lack of any examples of Haplogroup IJ* belonging to neither Haplogroup I nor Haplogroup J complicates any attempt to deduce the geographical location where Haplogroup IJ first appeared; however, the fact that both Haplogroup I and Haplogroup J are found among modern populations of the Caucasus, Anatolia, and Southwest Asia tends to support the hypothesis that Haplogroup IJ derived from Haplogroup F in the vicinity of West Asia or the Middle East and subsequently spread throughout Western Eurasia.

The TMRCA (time to most recent common ancestor) for the IJ clade, expressed in ky (confidence interval), is 38.5 (30.5-46.2) [Tatiana M. Karafet "et al", [http://www.genome.org/cgi/content/abstract/gr.7172008v1 New binary polymorphisms reshape and increase resolution of the human Y chromosomal haplogroup tree] , "Genome Research", doi|10.1101/gr.7172008 (2008)] .

ubclades

*IJ (M429, P123, P124, P125, P126, P127, P129, P130, S2, S22) "per ISOGG 2008"
**I (M170, P19, M258, P38, P212, U179) "Haplogroup I notation updated to ISOGG 2008"
***I*
*** I1 (M253, M307, M450/S109, P30, P40, S62, S63, S64, S65, S66, S107, S108, S110, S111) (formerly I1a) "Typical of populations of Scandinavia and Northwest Europe, with a moderate distribution throughout Eastern Europe"
****I1*
****I1a (M21) (formerly I1a2)
****I1b (M227) (formerly I1a1) "Appears to be limited to a marginally low frequency of approximately 1% among Slavic and Uralic peoples of Eastern Europe; also detected in a single Lebanese man"
*****I1b1 (M72) (formerly I1a1a)
****I1c (P109)
****I1d (P259)
*** I2 (M438/P215/S31) (formerly I1b)
****I2*
****I2a (P37.2) (formerly I1b1) "Typical of the South Slavic peoples of the Balkans, especially the populations of Bosnia and Croatia; also found with high haplotype diversity values, but lower overall frequency, among the West Slavic populations of Slovakia and the Czech Republic; a node of elevated frequency in Moldavia correlates with that observed for Haplogroup I2a (but not for Haplogroup I1)"
*****I2a*
*****I2a1 (M423)
******I2a1*
******I2a1a (P41.2/M359.2) (formerly I1b1a) "Typical of the population of the so-called "archaic zone" of Sardinia; also found at low frequencies among populations of Southwest Europe, particularly in Castile, Béarn, and the Basque Country"
*****I2a2 (M26) (formerly I1b1b)
******I2a2*
******I2a2a (M161) (formerly I1b1b1)
****I2b (M436/P214/S33, P216/S30, P217/S23, P218/S32) (formerly I1b2)
*****I2b*
*****I2b1 (M223, P219/S24, P220/S119, P221/S120, P222/U250/S118, P223/S117) (formerly I1b2a - old I1c) "Occurs at a moderate frequency among populations of Northwest Europe, with a peak frequency in the region of Lower Saxony in central Germany; minor offshoots appear in Moldavia and Russia (especially around Vladimir, Ryazan, Nizhny Novgorod, and the Republic of Mordovia)"
******I2b1*
******I2b1a (M284) (formerly I1b2a1) "Generally limited to a low frequency in Great Britain"
******I2b1b (M379) (formerly I1b2a2)
******I2b1c (P78) (formerly I1b2a3)
******I2b1d (P95) (formerly I1b2a4)
**J (12f2.1, M304, S6, S34, S35)
***J*
***J1 (M267) "Typical of populations of Dagestan, Mesopotamia, the Levant, Arabia, and Semitic-speaking populations of North Africa and East Africa, with a moderate distribution throughout Southwest Asia"
****J1*
****J1a (M62)
****J1b (M365)
****J1c (M367, M368)
****J1d (M369)
****J1e (M390)
***J2 (M172) "Typical of populations of Southern Europe, Turkey, northern Iraq, Iran, and the Caucasus, with a moderate distribution throughout Southwest Asia, Central Asia, South Asia, and North Africa"
****J2*
****J2a (M410)
*****J2a*
*****J2a1 (DYS413≤18)
*****J2a2 (M340)
****J2b (M12, M314, M221)
*****J2b*
*****J2b1 (M102) "Mainly found in the Balkans, Greece, and Italy (possibly from Ancient Greeks)"

References

ee also

*Haplogroup
*Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups
*Y-DNA haplogroups by ethnic groups
*Haplogroup I (Y-DNA)
*Haplogroup I1 (Y-DNA)
*Haplogroup I2 (Y-DNA)
*Haplogroup J (Y-DNA)
*Haplogroup J2 (Y-DNA)


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужна курсовая?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Haplogroup I1 (Y-DNA) — Infobox haplogroup name =I1 origin date =4,000 to 20,000 BC origin place =Balkans, Scandinavia, France, Iberia or Ukraine ancestor = I descendants = mutations =M253, M307, P30, P40 members =People of Northern Europe (Norwegian, Swedish, English,… …   Wikipedia

  • Haplogroup I (Y-DNA) — Infobox haplogroup name =I origin date =20,000 25,000 years BP origin place =Western Balkans / former Adriatic steppes, Central and Western Europe / Germany, Western Scandinavia / Sweden and Norway ancestor =IJ descendants =I1, I2 mutations =M170 …   Wikipedia

  • Haplogroup G2c (Y-DNA) — In human genetics, Haplogroup G2c (formerly G5) is a Y chromosome haplogroup and is defined by the presence of the M377 mutation.cite journal author=Sengupta S, Zhivotovsky LA, King R, et al title=Polarity and temporality of high resolution y… …   Wikipedia

  • Haplogroup E1b1b (Y-DNA) — Infobox haplogroup name = E1b1b or E M215 origin place = East Africa or Middle East [https://www3.nationalgeographic.com/genographic/atlas.html National Geographic s Genographic Project Haplogroup E3b (M35)] ] origin date = approx 26,000 years BP …   Wikipedia

  • Haplogroup I2 (Y-DNA) — Infobox haplogroup name =I2 origin date =probably >15 kya (see subclade descriptions) origin place =Southeastern Europe ancestor = I descendants =I2a, I2b (see subclade descriptions) mutations =M438/P215/S31 members =I2a1 Croatia, Bosnia and… …   Wikipedia

  • Haplogroup G (Y-DNA) — Infobox haplogroup name =G origin date = 40,000 BCE origin place =Near East or Southern Asia ancestor =F brother groups = haplogroups H, IJ (parent of I and J), and K descendants =G1 (M285), G2a (P15), G2c (M377), G3 (P287) mutations =M201… …   Wikipedia

  • Haplogroup O (Y-DNA) — In human genetics, Haplogroup O (M175) is a Y chromosome DNA haplogroup.DistributionThis haplogroup appears in 80 90% of all men in East and Southeast Asia, and it is almost exclusive to that region: M175 is almost nonexistent in Western Siberia …   Wikipedia

  • Haplogroup R1a (Y-DNA) — Infobox haplogroup name =R1a origin date =15,000 years BP origin place =East Iran or Pakistan or North India or Western Caucasus or Ukraine ancestor =Haplogroup R1 descendants = mutations =SRY 1532, M17 members =Ishkashimi 68%, Tajik/Khojant 64% …   Wikipedia

  • Haplogroup D (Y-DNA) — Infobox haplogroup name =D origin date =approx. 50,000 BP [http://www.isogg.org/tree/ISOGG HapgrpD08.html Y DNA Haplogroup D and its Subclades 2008] ] origin place =AsiaKarafet et al. (2008), [http://www.genome.org/cgi/content/abstract/gr.7172008v… …   Wikipedia

  • Haplogroup F (Y-DNA) — Infobox haplogroup name =F origin date =45,000 years BP origin place =North Africa, Middle East or South Asia ancestor =CF descendants =G, H, IJ, K mutations =M89, M213/P137, M235, P14, P133, P134, P135, P136, P138, P139, P140, P141, P142, P145,… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”