Chris Bell (musician)

Chris Bell
Birth name	Christopher Branford Bell
Born	January 12, 1951(1951-01-12)
Origin	Memphis, Tennessee
Died	December 27, 1978(1978-12-27) (aged 27)
Genres	Power pop, rock
Occupations	Musician, singer, songwriter
Instruments	Guitar
Years active	1963-1978
Associated acts	Big Star

Christopher Branford "Chris" Bell (January 12, 1951 – December 27, 1978) was an American singer, songwriter and guitarist born in Memphis, Tennessee. Along with Alex Chilton, he led the power pop band Big Star, which recorded albums during the early 1970s. Bell left the group after Big Star's first album, #1 Record (1972), failed to find commercial success, although some of his musical and lyrical contributions surfaced on the band's second album, Radio City (1974). Bell recorded as a solo artist for the remainder of the 1970s; two of these influential solo recordings, "I Am the Cosmos" and "You and Your Sister", were released on a 1978 single on Car Records. These two songs became popular among collectors of Big Star-related items, and were later included on Bell's posthumously released 1992 solo album I Am the Cosmos.

Early career

Prior to his later, more famous work in the 1970s with Alex Chilton, Bell played in a number of Memphis bands beginning in the 1960s. He had started playing music at age 12, influenced heavily by The Beatles and other British Invasion groups like The Yardbirds and The Who. One of Bell's early groups included Memphis natives Richard Rosebrough and Terry Manning, with whom he continued to work for the rest of his music career. In 1964 and 1965, Bell played lead guitar in a British Invasion-influenced group called the Jynx (the name is a takeoff on The Kinks) with local musicians, including lead vocalist Mike Harris, rhythm guitarist David Hoback, drummer DeWitt Shy, and bassist Bill Cunningham, and later, bassist Leo Goff. Other lead vocalists at some of the group's shows and rehearsals (though not present on their recordings) included local teens Ames Yates, Vance Alexander, and Chilton. Chilton, who attended nearly every Jynx show and sang lead vocals for a couple of weeks, soon joined the Box Tops with Cunningham, as the Jynx split up in 1966. Bell continued to perform and record in Memphis throughout the rest of the decade; by the late 1960s, he had turned his focus more toward writing original songs.

Big Star

The group later known as Big Star stemmed from two Bell band projects that began in the late 1960s while he recorded and performed live in groups named Icewater and Rock City. These groups featured a revolving set of musicians including Jody Stephens, Terry Manning, Tom Eubanks, Andy Hummel, Richard Rosebrough, Vance Alexander, and Steve Rhea. Recordings by these groups appear on the various artists collection Rockin' Memphis 1960's–1970's Vol. 1 and Rock City, released in 2003.

Bell asked Chilton to join several months after the group had started performing. Eventually, during a period of recording demos and tracks for their first album, the group settled on the name "Big Star." The lineup for Big Star's first album was composed of Bell (guitars/vocals), Chilton (guitars, vocals), Hummel (bass, vocals), and Stephens (drums, vocals). Bell and Chilton wrote most of the group's songs, with occasional writing contributions from Hummel and Stephens. Bell was even more influenced by the music of the British Invasion than Chilton, and he steadfastly retained his Beatles-oriented pop influences throughout his career.

Along with Ardent Studios founder John Fry and engineer Terry Manning, Bell is credited with much of the mixing and engineering work done on the first Big Star album, #1 Record. After this album failed to achieve commercial success (partially due to confusion by its soul-oriented distributor Stax in marketing the album), Bell left the band in 1972. He struggled with depression for the rest of his life, stemming partly from his repressed homosexuality and dependence on heroin, both of which he tried to deal with through a strong belief in Christianity.^[1] According to his brother David, Bell may have left Big Star due to a belief that he was overshadowed by the more famous Chilton. David Bell also reported a brief reunion during the recording of Big Star's second album, Radio City, which led to Bell's collaborating with the group members to write a couple of songs on the album, including "O My Soul" and "Back of a Car."

Solo work

Bell concentrated on solo work after leaving Big Star, recording demos at Ardent Studios and Shoe Recording in Memphis with old friends including Rosebrough, Manning, Cunningham, Ken Woodley, and occasionally Chilton and Jim Dickinson. One of Bell's better known solo songs from this period is "You and Your Sister," featuring Bell's guitar work and vocals, Chilton's backing vocal, and Cunningham's string arrangements and bass work. In the 1970s, Bell also played in a group with local songwriter Keith Sykes.

During the late 1970s, a few of Bell's pop song lyrics began to reflect the influence of his interest in Christian spirituality. Although he released "I Am the Cosmos" backed with "You and Your Sister" as a single in 1978 on Chris Stamey's Car Records label, none of his solo material was released on a full length album during his lifetime. At this time, Bell worked at his father's restaurant and continued to grapple with clinical depression.

Almost 14 years after his death, the songs from his Car Records single and several of his other 1970s recordings were released on 1992's I Am the Cosmos full-length CD on Rykodisc. As with his work with Big Star, the album received highly favorable critical reviews. Giving the album an "A-", Robert Christgau wrote that it was "clear from Bell's very posthumous solo album . . . that Big Star was his idea."^[2]

In 2009, I Am the Cosmos was re-released in a two-CD version by Rhino Handmade with alternate versions and additional tracks.^[3]

Death

Bell died on 27 December 1978 at the age of 27 when he lost control of his small Triumph TR-7 sports car, sometime after 1 a.m. He was on his way home from his father's restaurant in East Memphis. The car struck a wooden light pole on the side of the road, killing him instantly. His funeral was held the next day, December 28, the birthday of former band mate Chilton.

Influence

Bell's music and that of Big Star became popular with alternative rock musicians in the 1980s through word of mouth. Eventually, well known artists including R.E.M., Ian Moore, Teenage Fanclub and The Replacements began touting the recordings of Big Star as significant works. This Mortal Coil, which had earlier recorded versions of post-Chris Bell Big Star songs, recorded versions of "I Am the Cosmos" and "You and Your Sister" on their 1991 album Blood. Big Star's pop gem "In the Street," which had featured the tight harmonies of Bell and Chilton, was chosen as a representative song of the 1970s decade by the producers of the television show That '70s Show in 1998. Cheap Trick recorded a version of the song for the show with revised lyrics in 1999, also included on That '70s Show Presents That '70s Album: Rockin'.

Later, Bell's song "Speed of Sound" appeared on the Flaming Lips album Late Night Tales: The Flaming Lips. Bell's version of "Speed of Sound" is heard over the opening credits to the film Nick and Norah's Infinite Playlist.

Discography

The Jynx

• Greatest Hits! — (Norton Records, 10-inch vinyl EP, 2000)
• Various artists: Garage Beat '66, Vol. 2: Chicks Are for Kids! — (Sundazed Music CD, 2004)

Icewater and Rock City

• Various artists: Rockin' Memphis: 1960s–1970s, Volume 1 — (Lucky Seven Records CD, 2003)
• Rock City — (Lucky Seven Records CD, 2003)

Big Star

• #1 Record — (Ardent Records LP, 1972)
• Radio City — (Ardent Records LP, 1974)

Solo

• "I Am the Cosmos"/"You and Your Sister" — (Car Records single, 1978)
• I Am the Cosmos — (Rykodisc LP/CD, 1992)

See also

Biography portal

• 27 Club

References

1. ^ Hoskyns, Barney (February 2000), "The starts that fell to earth", Mojo: 62–73, http://www.rocksbackpages.com/article.html?ArticleID=1223 
2. ^ "Robert Christgau Consumer Guide: Chris Bell". http://www.robertchristgau.com/get_artist.php?name=chris+bell. Retrieved 2011-02-17. 
3. ^ Klein, Joshua (2009-09-29), Album Reviews: Chris Bell: I Am the Cosmos [Deluxe Edition], Pitchfork, http://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/13498-i-am-the-cosmos-deluxe-edition//, retrieved 2010-03-24 ^{[dead link]}

• Ankeny, Jason. "Big Star Biography." Allmusic.com Accessed Apr. 28, 2005.
• Ankeny, Jason. "Chris Bell Bio." Allmusic.com. Accessed Jun. 19, 2005.
• Bell, David (1992). "Liner notes." Chris Bell: I am the Cosmos. Salem: Rykodisc Records.
• Boldman, Gina. That '70s Show Presents That '70s Album: Rockin' review." Allmusic.com. Accessed Jun. 20, 2005.
• "Box Tops Biographies." Box Tops official website. Accessed Jun. 19, 2005.
• Clark, Rick (1992). "Liner notes." Big Star: #1 Record/Radio City double CD. Memphis: Ardent Records.
• Cost, Bud (2000). "Liner notes." The Letter/Neon Rainbow CD. Coxsackie: Sundazed Music.
• Gordon, Robert (1995). It Came From Memphis. New York: Pocket Books. ISBN 0-7434-1045-9.
• Gross, Jason (July 2001). "Big Star — Andy Hummel." Perfect Sound Forever. Accessed Jun. 19, 2005.
• "The Jokers." Box Tops official website. Accessed Jun. 19, 2005.
• Jovanovic, Rob (2004). Big Star: The Story of Rock's Forgotten Band. London: Fourth Estate. ISBN 0-00-714908-5.
• "The Jynx." Box Tops official website. Accessed Jun. 19, 2005.
• Manning, Terry. "Liner notes." Rock City. Nassau: Lucky Seven Records.
• "Rock City and Rockin' Memphis album descriptions." Lucky Seven Records website. Accessed Jun. 30, 2005.
• Rosen, Craig (August 16, 1999). "Cheap Trick Does Big Star For 'That '70s Show.'" Cheap Trick News on Yahoo! Music. Accessed May 12, 2005.
• Stern, Theresa (December 22, 1996). "Interview: Jody Stephens." Perfect Sound Forever. Accessed Jun. 19, 2005.

External links

• Chris Bell's Find a Grave page
• Chris Bell Facebook page
• Big Star Page at Harmonē
• The Unofficial Big Star Homepage
• Judith Beeman's Back of a Car Big Star zine site
• Jeff the Joker's Alex Chilton, Big Star & the Box Tops: Interviews & Reviews
• Photos of Chris Bell performing in the Jynx
• Norton Records listing for Greatest Hits! 4-song EP by the Jynx
• Big Star (Rykodisc site)
• Chris Bell at the Internet Movie Database
• Chris Bell at Find a Grave

Persondata
Name	Bell, Chris
Alternative names
Short description	American singer
Date of birth	January 25, 1951
Place of birth	Memphis, Tennessee
Date of death	December 27, 1978
Place of death