Karol Olszewski

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name = Karol Olszewski


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caption = Karol Olszewski
birth_name = Karol Stanisław Olszewski
birth_date = birth date|1846|1|29
birth_place = Broniszów
death_date = death date and age|1915|3|24|1846|1|29
death_place = Krakau, Austrian-Hungarian Empire
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nationality = Polish
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known_for = First to liquefy oxygen and nitrogen. First Polish X-ray Photographs
education = Jagiellonian University in Krakau Heidelberg University PhD
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occupation = Scientist
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title = Professor
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Karol Stanisław Olszewski (b. January 29, 1846 in Broniszów - March 24, 1915 in Krakau, Austrian-Hungarian Empire (since 1919 Kraków, Poland)) was an Austrian-born Polish chemist, mathematician and physicist.

Olszewski studied at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków in the Departments of Mathematics and Physics, and of Chemistry and Biology. He carried out his first experiments using a personally improved compressor, condensing and compressing carbon dioxide. He defended his doctoral dissertation at University of Heidelberg, after which he returned to Krakau where he obtained the title of extraordinary professor (associate professor) [cite web|url=http://www.poland.gov.pl/Karol,Olszewski,and,Zygmunt,Wroblewski:,condensation,of,oxygen,and,nitrogen,1987.html |title= Polish Ministry of Culture, Science and Media website| accessdate=2008-03-05] .

In 1883, Zygmunt Wróblewski and Karol Olszewski were the first to liquefy oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide from the atmosphere in a stable state (not, as had been the case up to then, in a dynamic state in the transitional form as vapor).

In 1896, on hearing of Roentgen's work on x-rays, Olszewski replicated them within a few days in early February initiating the department of Radiology at the university [cite web|url=http://www.cm-uj.krakow.pl/radiologia/historia_en.html |title = Krakow Chair of Radiology History |accessdate=2008-03-05] [cite web|url=http://www.polradiologia.org/english/history/histor3.html |title= History of Polish Radiology |author =Stanisław Leszczyński and Andrzej Urbanik| accessdate=2008-03-05] .

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