Virtus (deity)

:"See Virtus (disambiguation) for other meanings."

In Roman mythology, Virtus was the deity of bravery and military strength, the personification of the Roman virtue of virtus. He/she was one of the di indigetes. The Greek equivalent deity was Arete.

He/she was identified with the Roman god Honos (personification of honour), and was often honoured together with him. As reported in Valerius Maximus [cite web |url=http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/L/Roman/Texts/Valerius_Maximus/1*.html#1.8 |title= Honos et Virtus |work= [http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Gazetteer/Places/Europe/Italy/Lazio/Roma/Rome/_Texts/PLATOP*/home*.html A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome] |date= 2007-06-15 |accessdate= 2007-06-28] , this joint cult led to plans in 210 BC by Marcus Claudius Marcellus to erect a joint temple for them both. [cite web |url= http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Gazetteer/Places/Europe/Italy/Lazio/Roma/Rome/_Texts/PLATOP*/Honos_et_Virtus.html |title= Valeri Maximi |work= Factorum et Dictorum Memorabilium |date= 2007-04-22 |accessdate= 2007-06-28] This led to objections from the pontifical college that, if a miracle should occur in such a temple, the priests would not know to which of the two gods to offer the sacrifice in thanks for it. Marcellus therefore erected a temple for Virtus alone which was the only way in to a separate temple of Honos, financing them both with the loot from his sacking of Syracuse and defeats of the Gauls. This temple was at the porta Capena, and later renovated by Vespasian.

This deity was represented in a variety of ways - for example, on the coins of Tetricus, it can appear as a matron, an old man, or a young man, with a javelin or only clothed in a cape.

Usage

In 1776, the Virginia Four-Dollar Note, a Continental currency, had a Virtus pictured on its obverse.

References