Dodecane

Dodecane
IUPAC name Dodecane
Other names Dihexyl; Bihexyl; Adakane 12; Duodecane
Identifiers
CAS number	112-40-3 Y
PubChem	8182
ChemSpider	7890 Y
UNII	11A386X1QH Y
DrugBank	DB02771
KEGG	C08374 Y
ChEBI	CHEBI:28817 Y
ChEMBL	CHEMBL30959 Y
Jmol-3D images	Image 1
SMILES C(CCCCCCCC)CCC
InChI InChI=1S/C12H26/c1-3-5-7-9-11-12-10-8-6-4-2/h3-12H2,1-2H3 Y Key: SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y InChI=1/C12H26/c1-3-5-7-9-11-12-10-8-6-4-2/h3-12H2,1-2H3 Key: SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYAS
Properties
Molecular formula	C12H26
Molar mass	170.33 g mol−1
Appearance	Colorless liquid
Density	0.75 g/cm3
Melting point	-9.6 °C, 264 K, 15 °F
Boiling point	216.2 °C, 489 K, 421 °F
Refractive index (nD)	1.4216 ± 0.002
Viscosity	1.34 cP
Hazards
MSDS	JT Baker
Main hazards	Harmful
NFPA 704	2 1 0
Flash point	74 °C (165 °F)
Autoignition temperature	203 °C (397 °F)
Y (verify) (what is: Y/N?) Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Dodecane (also known as dihexyl, bihexyl, adakane 12 or duodecane) is a liquid alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula CH₃(CH₂)₁₀CH₃ (or C₁₂H₂₆), an oily liquid of the paraffin series. It has 355 isomers.

It is used as a solvent, distillation chaser, scintillator component. Moreover it is used as a diluent for tributyl phosphate (TBP) in plants reprocessing.^[1]

Combustion reaction

The combustion reaction of dodecane is as follows:

2 C₁₂H₂₆(l) + 37 O₂(g) → 24 CO₂(g) + 26 H₂O(g)

∆H˚ = -7513 kJ

One litre of fuel needs about 15 kg of air to burn, and generates 2.3 kg (or 1.2 m³) of CO₂ upon complete combustion.

Jet Fuel Surrogate

In recent years, n-dodecane has garnered attention as a possible surrogate for kerosene-based fuels such as Jet-A, S-8, and other conventional aviation fuels. It is considered a second-generation fuel surrogate designed to emulate the laminar flame speed, largely supplanting n-decane, primarily due to its higher molecular mass and hydrogen to carbon ratio which better reflect the n-alkane content of jet fuels.

See also

• Higher alkanes
• Kerosene

References

1. ^ Rydberg, Jan (2004). Solvent Extraction Principles and Practice. Marcel Dekker. pp. 524. ISBN 0-8247-5063-2. 

External links

• Caudwell, D.R.; Trusler, J.P.M.; Vesovic, V.; Wakeham, W.A. (2003-06-16). "The Viscosity and Density of n-Dodecane and n-Octadecane at Pressures up to 200 mPa and Temperatures up to 473 K" (pdf). NIST. http://symp15.nist.gov/pdf/p175.pdf. Retrieved 2007-10-09. 
• Material Safety Data Sheet for Dodecane
• Dodecane, Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases