White-bellied Nothura

White-bellied Nothura
Illustration by Joseph Smit, 1895
Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Tinamiformes
Family:	Tinamidae
Subfamily:	Nothurinae
Genus:	Nothura
Species:	N. boraquira
Binomial name
Nothura boraquira (Spix, 1825)[2]
Synonyms
Nothura marmorata

The White-bellied Nothura, Nothura boraquira, is a species of tinamou found in dry shrublands in northeastern Bolivia, western Paraguay, and northeastern Brazil.^[3]

Taxonomy

The White-bellied Nothura is a monotypic species.^[3] All tinamous are from the family Tinamidae, and in the larger scheme are also ratites. Unlike other ratites, tinamous can fly, although in general, they are not strong fliers. All ratites evolved from prehistoric flying birds, and tinamous are the closest living relative of these birds.^[4]

Description

The White-bellied Nothura is approximately 27 cm (11 in) in length. Its upper parts are light brown and barred black with white streaks. Its throat is white, its foreneck is buff with black streaking, its breast is buff and its belly is white. Its crown is dark brown and the sides of its head are buff. The legs are bright yellow and the inner webs of its primaries are uniformly dark, unlike in the closely related Spotted Nothura.

Behavior

Like other tinamous, the White-bellied Nothura eats fruit off the ground or low-lying bushes. They also eat small amounts of invertebrates, flower buds, tender leaves, seeds, and roots. The male incubates the eggs which may come from as many as 4 different females, and then will raise them until they are ready to be on their own, usually 2–3 weeks. The nest is located on the ground in dense brush or between raised root buttresses.^[4]

Range and habitat

The White-bellied Nothura prefers dry shrubland regions up to 500 m (1,600 ft) in altitude.^[5] It can also be found in dry grassland, savanna, caatinga, and occasionally pastures.^[1] This species is native to northeastern and central Brazil, eastern Bolivia and Paraguay.^[3]

Conservation

The IUCN classifies this species as Least Concern,^[1] with an occurrence range of 1,400,000 km² (540,000 sq mi).^[5]

Footnotes

1. ^ ^{a b c} BirdLife International (2008)
2. ^ Brand, S. (2008)
3. ^ ^{a b c} Clements, J. (2007)
4. ^ ^{a b} Davies, S. J. J. F. (2003)
5. ^ ^{a b} BirdLife International (2008)(a)

References

• BirdLife International (2008). Nothura boraquira. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 12 Feb 2009.
• BirdLife International (2008(a)). "White-bellied Nothura - BirdLife Species Factsheet". Data Zone. http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/species/index.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=54&m=1. Retrieved 12 Feb 2009. 
• Brands, Sheila (Aug 14 2008). "Systema Naturae 2000 / Classification,Genus Nothura". Project: The Taxonomicon. http://www.taxonomy.nl/Main/Classification/51372.htm. Retrieved 12 Feb 2009. 
• Clements, James (2007). The Clements Checklist of the Birds of the World (6 ed.). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. ISBN 978 0 8014 4501 9. 
• Davies, S.J.J.F. (2003). "Tinamous". In Hutchins, Michael. Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia. 8 Birds I Tinamous and Ratites to Hoatzins (2 ed.). Farmington Hills, MI: Gale Group. pp. 57–59. ISBN 0 7876 5784 0. 

External links

• White-bellied Nothura photo gallery VIREO Photo-High Res
• White-bellied Nothura: Photos The Avifauna of the Interior of Ceará, Brazil