- Bunsei
.
Change of era
*;
April 22 ,1818 : The new era name was created to mark the enthronement of the emperor Emperor Ninko in "Bunka" 15.The new era name was drawn from an aphorism attributed to the ancient Chinese emperor, Great Shun (大舜): "Shun reads the Heavens, and so brings together all seven governments" (舜察天文、斉七政).
Events of the "Bunsei" era
* "Bunsei 5" (1822): Edo was struck with 150 earthquake tremors over three days.Hammer, Joshua. (2006). [http://books.google.com/books?id=6O8VyhDbUPgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=yokohama+burning&sig=rbgbEDXJV5fht4wdSD1HBoAMANg#PPA63,M1 "Yokohama Burning: The Deadly 1923 Earthquake and Fire that Helped Forge the Path to World War II," p. 63.] ]
* "Bunsei 6" (August 11 ,1823 ): German flora- and fauna-taxonomistPhilipp Franz von Siebold arrives atDejima as new physician for the Dutch trading post in Nagasaki harbor. "Bakufu " policy in this era was designed to marginalize the influence of foreigners in "Bunsei" Japan; however, an unintended and opposite consequence of "sakoku " was to enhance the value and significance of a very small number of thoughtful observers like von Siebold, whose writings document what he learned or discovered first-hand. Von Siebold's published accounts and unpublished writings provided a unique and useful perspective forOrientalists andJapanologists in the 19th century; and his work continues to be rigorously examined by modern researchers today. [Screech, T. (2006). "Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779-1822," p. 73.]
* "Bunsei 13", on the 25th day of the 7th month (August 13 ,1830 ): Earthquake at Kyoto (Latitude: 35.000/Longitude: 136.000), noRichter Scale magnitude suggested by available data. [Online "Significant Earthquake Database" -- U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC)] [http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov ...Click link for NOAA/Japan: Significant Earthquake Database]Notes
References
* Hammer, Joshua. (2006). [http://books.google.com/books?id=6O8VyhDbUPgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Tokyo+1923&lr=&source=gbs_summary_r "Yokohama Burning: The Deadly 1923 Earthquake and Fire that Helped Forge the Path to World War II."] New York:
Simon & Schuster . 10-ISBN 0-743-26465-7; 13-ISBN 978-0-743-26465-5 (cloth)
* Screech, Timon. (2006). "Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns:Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779-1822." London:RoutledgeCurzon . ISBN 0-700-71720-X
* Siebold, Philipp Franz. (18__). "Fauna Japonica." Leiden.
* Siebold, Philipp Franz. (18__). "Flora Japonica." Leiden.ee also
* "
An'ei " --Carl Peter Thunberg ,Isaac Titsingh
* "Genroku " --Engelbert Kaempfer External links
* National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" [http://www.ndl.go.jp/koyomi/e/ -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection]
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