Atlantic Revolutions

Atlantic Revolutions

"Atlantic Revolutions" is a cover term for a wave of late eighteenth century and early nineteenth century revolutions associated with the Enlightenment.

* American Revolution (1775–1783)
* Revolt of Dutch Patriots (1785)
* French Revolution (1789–1799)
* Haitian Revolution (1791–1802)
* Polish War in the defence of constitution (1792) and Kościuszko Uprising (1794)
* Batavian Revolution (1795–1801)
* Irish Rebellion of 1798
* Latin American revolutions
** Mexican War of Independence
** South American wars of independence
*** Argentine War of Independence
**** May Revolution (Argentina and neighbouring countries)
*** Bolívar's War
*** Bolivian Independence War
*** Brazilian War of Independence
**** Bahian Revolt ("Inconfidência Bahiana") in Bahia, Brazil (1798)
*** Chilean War of Independence
*** Ecuadorian War of Independence
*** Peruvian War of Independence
*** Venezuelan War of Independence

Various connecting threads among these varied uprisings include a concern for the "Rights of Man" and freedom of the individual; an idea (often predicated on John Locke or Jean-Jacques Rousseau) of popular sovereignty; belief in a "social contract", which in turn was often codified in written constitutions; a certain complex of religious convictions often associated with Deism or Voltairean agnosticism, and characterized by veneration of reason; abhorrence of feudalism and often of monarchy itself. The Atlantic Revolutions also had many shared symbols, including the name "Patriot" used by so many revolutionary groups; the slogan of "Liberty"; the liberty cap; Lady Liberty or Marianne; the tree of liberty, and so on.

Individuals and Movements

* George Washington (United States)
* Thomas Jefferson (United States)
* Benjamin Franklin (United States)
* Sons of Liberty (North America)
* Marquis de Lafayette (France and North America)
* Patriots (Netherlands)
* Société des Amis des Noirs (France)
* Richard Price and Joseph Priestley (Great Britain)
* Jacobin Club (France, 1789-1794)
* Lautaro Lodge
* Maximilien Robespierre (France)
* Society of the United Irishmen (Ireland, 1791-1804)
* Thomas Paine (Great Britain and North America)
* Friends of the People Society (Great Britain, 1792-)
* Society of the United Scotsmen (Scotland)
* Society of the United Englishmen
* Wolfe Tone (Ireland)
* Toussaint L'Ouverture in Haiti
* London Corresponding Society (London)
* Francisco de Miranda
* Fils de la liberté (Québec)
* Tadeusz Kościuszko
* Simón Bolívar (South America)

References

* David P. Geggus. "The Impact of the Haitian Revolution in the Atlantic World" (2002)
* Jacques Godechot. "France and the Atlantic revolution of the eighteenth century, 1770-1799" (1965)
* Eliga H. Gould and Peter S. Onuf. "Empire and Nation : The American Revolution in the Atlantic World" (2004)
* Palmer, Robert. "The Age of Democratic Revolutions" 2 vols. (1959, 1964)
* W.M. Verhoeven and Beth Dolan Kautz, eds. " Revolutions and Watersheds: Transatlantic Dialogues, 1775-1815" (1999)


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