Turkish Constitution of 1961

Turkish Constitution of 1961

Constitution of the Republic of Turkey (1961) was prepared after the coup d'état in 1960. It replaced the Constitution of 1924 on June 9, 1961 with 61.7% of the nation in favor, according to the referendum. After the coup d'état of 1980, a new constitution was prepared. The Turkish Constitution of 1982, which is still intact, replaced that of 1961.

Fundamentals

General Principles

I. Form of the state

Article 1 - The Turkish State is a Republic.

II. Characteristics of the Republic

Article 2 - The Turkish Republic is a nationalistic, democratic, secular and social state, governed by the rule of law, based on human rights and fundamental tenets set forth in the preamble.

III. Indivisibility of the State, its official language and its seat of government

Article 3 - The Turkish State is an indivisible whole comprising its territory and people. Its official language is Turkish. Its capital is the city of Ankara.

IV. Sovereignty

Article 4 - Sovereignty is vested in the nation without reservation and condition. The nation shal exercise its sovereignty through the authorized agencies as prescribed by the principles laid down in the Constitution. The right to exercise such sovereignty shall not be delegated to any one person, group or class. No person or agency shall exercise any state authority, which does not drive its origin from the Constitution.

V. Legislative Power

Article 5 - Legislative power is vested in the Grand National Assembly. This power shall not be delegated.

VI. Executive Function

Article 6 - The executive function shall be carried out by the President of the Republic and the Council of Ministers within the framework of law.

VII. Judicial Power

Article 7 - Judicial power shall be exercised by independent courts on behalf of the Turkish nation.

VIII. Supremacy and the binding force of the Constitution

Article 8 - Laws shall not be in conflict with the Constitution. The provisions of the Constitution shall be the fundamental legal principles binding the legislative, executive and judicial organs, administrative authorities and individuals.

IX. Irrevocability of the form of the State

Article 9 - The provision of the Constitution establishing the form of the state as a republic shall not be amended nor shall any motion therefore be made.

Difference between 1924 and 1961

Unlike the former constitution, constitution of 1961 is based on human rights; with Article 11, the individual's freedom are secured at all times. The phrase "social state" was included in this Constitution for the first time. The 1961 constitution also introduced a senate to form a bicameral system.

Government

Grand National Assembly was formed of the National Assembly and Senate of the Republic. National Assembly members and the majority of senators were elected by the nation, whereas 15 senators were chosen by the President. These fifteen senators had to be either former Presidents or members of the Committee of National Unity.Though parliamentary democracy was the form of government, some members of the Senate were not elected and were given permanent seat. These included members of the Committee of National Unity, who organized the coup d'état.

References

cite web
url = http://www.anayasa.gen.tr/1961constitution-text.pdf
title = 1961 Constitution
accessdate = 2007-04-14
en icon


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Constitution of 1961 — The Constitution of 1961 may refer to the Turkish Constitution of 1961 South African Constitution of 1961 This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you h …   Wikipedia

  • Turkish Constitution of 1924 — Republic of Turkey This article is part of the series: Politics and government of the Republic of Turkey …   Wikipedia

  • Turkish Constitution of 1921 — Republic of Turkey This article is part of the series: Politics and government of the Republic of Turkey …   Wikipedia

  • Constitution of Turkey — Turkish constitution redirects here. For other uses, see Turkish constitution (disambiguation). Republic of Turkey This article is part of the series: Politics and government of the Republic of Turkey …   Wikipedia

  • Turkish Armed Forces — Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri Turkish Armed Forces seal Founded May 3, 1920[1] …   Wikipedia

  • Turkish nationality law — Cover of biometric general purpose Turkish passport issued in 2010 Turkish nationality law is based primarily on the principle of jus sanguinis. Children who are born to a Turkish mother and a Turkish father in (or outside of) Turkey are Turkish… …   Wikipedia

  • Turkish people — For other uses of Turkish, see Turkish (disambiguation), and for the broader concept of Turkic speaking ethnic groups, see Turkic peoples. Turkish people Türkler Total population 70 million[citation needed] (see also Turkish population Turkish… …   Wikipedia

  • 1960 Turkish coup d'état — A Turkish stamp issued to commemorate the 1st anniversary of the coup d´etat on 27 May 1960. The military coup in Turkey, 1960 was a coup d état staged by a group of Turkish army officers, against the democratically elected government of the… …   Wikipedia

  • Constitution of May 3, 1791 — May 3rd Constitution, by Matejko (1891). King …   Wikipedia

  • 1961 — This article is about the year 1961. For other uses, see 1961 (disambiguation). Millennium: 2nd millennium Centuries: 19th century – 20th century – 21st century Decades: 1930s  1940s  1950s  – 1960s –   …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”