Tumen

Tumen

Tumen or Tümen ("unit of ten thousand"; from Turkic: "tümen" [ The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language - [http://www.bartleby.com/61/61/T0256150.html "toman"] ] ; _mn. Түмэн, "Tümen" [Vietze, "Wörterbuch Mongolisch - Deutsch", VEB 1988] ) was a part of the decimal system used by Turkic, Proto-Turkic (such as the Huns) and Mongol peoples to organize their armies. Tumen is an army unit of 10,000 soldiers.

Genghis Khan's organization

In Genghis Khan's military system, a Tumen was recursively built from units of 10 (Arban), 100 (Yaghun), and 1,000 (Minghan), each with a leader reporting to the next higher level. Tumens were considered a practical size, neither too small for an effective campaign nor too big for efficient transport and supply. The military strategy was based on the use of tumens as a useful building block causing reasonable shock and attack. [Corvisier, André. "A Dictionary of Military History and the Art of War". Blackwell Publishing, 1994. [http://books.google.com/books?id=nEQ7FUAdmc8C&pg=PA529&dq=tumen+arban+jaghun+minghan+noyans+genghis+khan&sig=Mc8QQeP-ykgJ7wHqVqIVoBRMctc "page 529"] ]

In modern armies

Tümen is a military unit which is still used in the Turkish Army, consisting of 6,000 to 10,000 soldiers. [Sabah Newspaper Online - [http://arsiv.sabah.com.tr/2003/10/09/p02.html "Turkish Armed Forces"] ]

ee also

* Mongol Empire
* Mongol military tactics and organization
* Tyumen - the name originates from tumen

References


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  • Tumen — ist: der Grenzfluss Nordkoreas mit China und Russland, siehe Tumen (Fluss); die kreisfreie Stadt Tumen (图们市) im Autonomen Bezirk Yanbian der Koreaner in der chinesischen Provinz Jilin, siehe Tumen (Yanbian); die Großgemeinde Tumen (土门镇) der… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Tumen —   der, koreanischer Tumangang, chinesisch Tumen Jiang [ dʒi̯aȖ], Grenzfluss von Nord Korea gegen China und für die letzten etwa 30 km gegen Russland, 521 km lang, entspringt am Paektusan, mündet ins Japanische Meer …   Universal-Lexikon

  • tümen — tümen, pek çok I, 233, 402 § tilmen mi ıig; bin kere bin, I, 402 büyük iğne III, 367bkz: temen …   Divan-i Luqat-i it-Türk Dizini

  • Tumen — Tumen, Fluß in der Mandschurei …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Tumen — Para otros usos de este término, véase Tumen (desambiguación). Tumen o Tümen («unidad de diez mil»; del túrquico: tümen;[1] del mongol, Tümen[2] ) fue una parte del sistema decimal utilizado por los pueblos turcos y mongoles para organizar sus… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Tumen — Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom. Le Tumen est un fleuve qui marque la frontière entre la République populaire de Chine et la Corée du Nord d une part, et entre la Russie et la Corée du… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Tumen — /tyuu muen /, n. Pinyin, Wade Giles. a river in E Asia, flowing NE along the China North Korea border and then SE along the border between China and Russia to the Sea of Japan. ab. 325 mi. (525 km) long. Also called, Wade Giles, Tumen Chiang… …   Useful english dictionary

  • Tumen — /tyuu muen /, n. Pinyin, Wade Giles. a river in E Asia, flowing NE along the China North Korea border and then SE along the border between China and Russia to the Sea of Japan. ab. 325 mi. (525 km) long. Also called, Wade Giles, Tumen Chiang… …   Universalium

  • Tumen — Original name in latin Tumen Name in other language T u men chan, T u men shih, Tjumenskij, Tumen, T’u men chan, T’u men shih, Тюменский State code CN Continent/City Asia/Harbin longitude 42.96611 latitude 129.8425 altitude 98 Population 78719… …   Cities with a population over 1000 database

  • tümen — is., ask. 1) Tugayla kolordu arasında yer alan birlik, fırka Cehennem içinde boğuşan tümenin kurtuluşu demek olan bu haber onun tunçtan yüzünü değiştirmiyor. H. E. Adıvar 2) ask., esk. On bin erden oluşan asker kuvveti 3) esk. Büyük küme, yığın… …   Çağatay Osmanlı Sözlük

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