Mitochondrial carrier

Mitochondrial carrier
1okc opm.gif
Mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier
Identifiers
Symbol Mito_carr
Pfam PF00153
InterPro IPR001993
PROSITE PDOC00189
SCOP 1okc
TCDB 2.A.29
OPM family 21
OPM protein 1okc

Mitochondrial carriers are proteins from the solute carrier family which transfers molecules across the membranes of the mitochondria.[1]

Contents

Function

A variety of substrate carrier proteins, which are involved in energy transfer, have been found in the inner membranes of mitochondria and other eukaryotic organelles such as the peroxisome.[2][3][4][5][6][7] Such proteins include: ADP, ATP carrier protein (ADP/ATP translocase); 2-oxoglutarate/malate carrier protein; phosphate carrier protein; tricarboxylate transport protein (or citrate transport protein); Graves disease carrier protein; yeast mitochondrial proteins MRS3 and MRS4; yeast mitochondrial FAD carrier protein; and many others.

Structure

All mitochondrial carriers are encoded by nuclear genes. Most contain a primary structure exhibiting regions of 100 homologous amino acid repeats, the N and C termini face the intermembrane space and there are six definable transmembrane segments in each carrier. All carriers also contain a common sequence, referred to as the MCF motif, in each repeated region, with some variation in one or two signature sequences.[1]

Amongst the members of the mitochondrial carrier family that have been identified, it is the ADP/ATP carrier (AAC) that is responsible for importing ADP into the mitochondria and exporting ATP out of the mitochondria and into the cytosol following synthesis.[8] The AAC is an integral membrane protein that is synthesised lacking a cleavable presequence, but instead contains internal targeting information.[9] It forms a dimer of two identical subunits[10] and consists of a basket shaped structure with six transmembrane helices that are tilted with respect to the membrane, 3 of them kinked at the level of proline residues.[1]

Substrates

Examples of transported compounds include:

Examples

Human proteins containing this domain include:

External links

References

  1. ^ a b c Nury H, Dahout-Gonzalez C, Trézéguet V, Lauquin GJ, Brandolin G, Pebay-Peyroula E (2006). "Relations between structure and function of the mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier". Annu. Rev. Biochem. 75: 713–41. doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.75.103004.142747. PMID 16756509. 
  2. ^ Klingenberg M (1990). "Mechanism and evolution of the uncoupling protein of brown adipose tissue". Trends Biochem. Sci. 15 (3): 108–112. doi:10.1016/0968-0004(90)90194-G. PMID 2158156. 
  3. ^ Walker JE (1992). "The mitochondrial transporter family". Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 2 (4): 519–526. doi:10.1016/0959-440X(92)90081-H. 
  4. ^ Kuan J, Saier Jr MH (1993). "Expansion of the mitochondrial carrier family". Res. Microbiol. 144 (8): 671–672. doi:10.1016/0923-2508(93)90073-B. PMID 8140286. 
  5. ^ Lawson JE, Nelson DR, Klingenberg M, Douglas MG (1993). "Site-directed mutagenesis of the yeast mitochondrial ADP/ATP translocator. Six arginines and one lysine are essential". J. Mol. Biol. 230 (4): 1159–1170. doi:10.1006/jmbi.1993.1233. PMID 8487299. 
  6. ^ Palmieri F (1994). "Mitochondrial carrier proteins". FEBS Lett. 346 (1): 48–54. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(94)00329-7. PMID 8206158. 
  7. ^ Jank B, Schweyen RJ, Link TA, Habermann B (1993). "PMP47, a peroxisomal homologue of mitochondrial solute carrier proteins". Trends Biochem. Sci. 18 (11): 427–428. PMID 8291088. 
  8. ^ Endres M, Neupert W, Brunner M (June 1999). "Transport of the ADP/ATP carrier of mitochondria from the TOM complex to the TIM22.54 complex". EMBO J. 18 (12): 3214–21. doi:10.1093/emboj/18.12.3214. PMC 1171402. PMID 10369662. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1171402. 
  9. ^ Ryan MT, Müller H, Pfanner N (July 1999). "Functional staging of ADP/ATP carrier translocation across the outer mitochondrial membrane". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (29): 20619–27. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.29.20619. PMID 10400693. 
  10. ^ Falconi M, Chillemi G, Di Marino D, D'Annessa I, Morozzo della Rocca B, Palmieri L, Desideri A (November 2006). "Structural dynamics of the mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier revealed by molecular dynamics simulation studies". Proteins 65 (3): 681–91. doi:10.1002/prot.21102. PMID 16988954. 
see also solute carrier disorders
B memb: cead, trns (1A, 1C, 1F, 2A, 3A1, 3A2-3, 3D), othr
v · d · eMitochondrial proteins
Outer membrane
Intermembrane space
Inner membrane
Matrix
Other/to be sorted
Mitochondrial DNA

Complex I (MT-ND1, MT-ND2, MT-ND3, MT-ND4, MT-ND4L, MT-ND5, MT-ND6) - Complex III (MT-CYB) - Complex IV (MT-CO1, MT-CO2, MT-CO3)

ATP synthase (MT-ATP6, MT-ATP8)

tRNA (MT-TA, MT-TC, MT-TD, MT-TE, MT-TF, MT-TG, MT-TH, MT-TI, MT-TK, MT-TL1, MT-TL2, MT-TM, MT-TN, MT-TP, MT-TQ, MT-TR, MT-TS1, MT-TS2, MT-TT, MT-TV, MT-TW, MT-TY)
see also mitochondrial diseases
B strc: edmb (perx), skel (ctrs), epit, cili, mito, nucl (chro)

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем решить контрольную работу

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Mitochondrial membrane transport protein — Mitochondrial membrane transport proteins are proteins which exist in the membranes of mitochondria and which serve to transport[1] molecules and other factors such as ions into or out of the organelles. Examples Examples of mitochondrial… …   Wikipedia

  • Mitochondrial permeability transition pore — The Mitochondrial Permeability Transition, or MPT, is defined as an increase in the permeability of the mitochondrial membranes to molecules of less than 1500 Daltons in molecular weight. MPT results from the opening of a mitochondrial… …   Wikipedia

  • Mitochondrial DNA — Human mitochondrial DNA …   Wikipedia

  • Mitochondrial matrix — Mitochondria structure: 1) Inner membrane 2) Outer membrane 3) Cristae 4) Matrix In the mitochondrion, the matrix contains soluble enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of pyruvate and other small organic molecules. The mitochondrial matrix also… …   Wikipedia

  • Mitochondrial trifunctional protein — Schematic demonstrating mitochondrial fatty acid beta oxidation and effects of long chain 3 hydroxyacyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency, LCHAD deficiency Mitochondrial trifunctional protein is a protein which catalyzes several reactions in… …   Wikipedia

  • Outer mitochondrial membrane — Mitochondria structure : 1) Inner membrane 2) Outer membrane 3) Crista 4) Matrix The outer mitochondrial membrane, which encloses the entire organelle, has a protein to phospholipid ratio similar to the eukaryotic plasma membrane (about 1:1… …   Wikipedia

  • Inner mitochondrial membrane — Mitochondria structure: (1) inner membrane, (2) outer membrane, (3)cristae, (4) matrix The mitochondrial inner membrane forms internal compartments known as cristae, which allow greater space for the proteins such as cytochromes to function… …   Wikipedia

  • Solute carrier family — The SoLute Carrier (SLC) group of membrane transport proteins include over 300 members organized into 47 families.cite journal |author=Hediger MA, Romero MF, Peng JB, Rolfs A, Takanaga H, Bruford EA|title=The ABCs of solute carriers:… …   Wikipedia

  • Mitochondriale Carrier — bilden eine Familie von Transportproteinen, die zu den Carriern (Permeasen) gehören und nur in den Organell (meist in Mitochondrien) Membranen eukaryotischer Zellen vorkommen. Sie enthalten ungefähr 300 Aminosäuren, weisen in der Sekundärstruktur …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Citrat-Carrier — Tricarboxylat Carrier Größe 298 Aminosäuren Struktur multipass Membranprotein (5 TMS) Bezeichner …   Deutsch Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”