Miller County, Arkansas

Miller County, Arkansas
Location in the state of Arkansas
Arkansas's location in the U.S.
Founded	April 1, 1820; recreated December 1874, following abolishment in 1838
Seat	Texarkana
Area  - Total  - Land  - Water	637.48 sq mi (1,651 km²) 623.98 sq mi (1,616 km²) 13.50 sq mi (35 km²), 2.12%
Population  - (2010)  - Density	43,462 70/sq mi (26.89/km²)

Miller County is a county located in the southwestern corner of the U.S. state of Arkansas. It is part of the Texarkana, Texas - Texarkana, Arkansas, Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of 2010, the population was 43,462. The county seat is Texarkana. When first formed, Miller County was Arkansas's sixth county, established on April 1, 1820, and named for James Miller, the first governor of the Arkansas Territory. Additionally, Miller County was the first of the state's counties to be formed upon the creation of the Arkansas Territory. The first five — Arkansas, Lawrence, Clark, Hempstead and Pulaski — were formed during Arkansas's days as part of the Missouri Territory.

The county was abolished in 1838, and later recreated in December 1874 from a portion of neighboring Lafayette County. [1]

Despite its proximity to Texas (which has no state personal income tax), Miller County residents are not exempt from Arkansas's state personal income tax unless they reside within the city limits of Texarkana. Miller County is also one of only two counties in Arkansas (along with Little River County) to be separated from all surrounding counties in the state by water — the Red River, in this case.

History

See also: Miller County, Arkansas Territory

Miller County was originally created in 1820 and included most of the current Miller County as well as most of what are now counties in Texas: Bowie, Red River, Lamar, Fannin, Cass, Morris, Titus, Franklin, Hopkins, Delta, and Hunt. In 1831 the county seat was located what is the current day Clarksville, Texas. When Arkansas achieved statehood the same year Texas declared itself an independent republic in 1836 a dispute over the common border arose, with the area in Miller County having representation in both the Arkansas legislature and the Texas congress. In 1837 and 1838, Texas organized Red River and Fannin counties, respectively, in the area. Arkansas attempted to counter by making it a misdemeanor for Miller County residents to hold office in Texas, and then by establishing a county court in Fannin. The attempts were ultimately unsuccessful, and in 1845 Texas was annexed by the United States, settling the boundary between Texas and Arkansas. As much of Miller County was lost to Texas, the county was dissolved with the remaining territory returning to Lafayette County.^[1]

The modern Miller County was re-created in 1874 from the parts of Lafayette County lying west and south of the Red River.

Geography

According to the 2000 census, the county has a total area of 637.48 square miles (1,651.1 km²), of which 623.98 square miles (1,616.1 km²) (or 97.88%) is land and 13.50 square miles (35.0 km²) (or 2.12%) is water.^[2]

Major highways

Interstate 30 U.S. Highway 59 US Highway 67 U.S. Highway 71

U.S. Highway 82 Arkansas State Highway 108 Arkansas State Highway 134 Arkansas State Highway 160

Arkansas State Highway 196 Arkansas State Highway 237 Arkansas State Highway 245

Arkansas State Highway 296 Arkansas State Highway 549

Adjacent counties

• Little River County (north)
• Hempstead County (northeast)
• Lafayette County (east)
• Bossier Parish, Louisiana (southeast)
• Caddo Parish, Louisiana (south)
• Cass County, Texas (southwest)
• Bowie County, Texas (west)

Demographics

Historical populations
Census	Pop.		%±
1830	356		—
1880	9,919		—
1890	14,714		48.3%
1900	17,558		19.3%
1910	19,555		11.4%
1920	24,021		22.8%
1930	30,586		27.3%
1940	31,874		4.2%
1950	32,614		2.3%
1960	31,686		−2.8%
1970	33,385		5.4%
1980	37,766		13.1%
1990	38,467		1.9%
2000	40,443		5.1%
2010	43,462		7.5%
[3][4][5]

Age pyramid Miller County^[6]

As of the census^[7] of 2000, there were 40,443 people, 15,637 households, and 11,086 families residing in the county. The population density was 65 people per square mile (25/km²). There were 17,727 housing units at an average density of 28 per square mile (11/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 74.02% White, 22.99% Black or African American, 0.63% Native American, 0.37% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.54% from other races, and 1.43% from two or more races. 1.58% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 15,637 households out of which 34.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.90% were married couples living together, 16.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.10% were non-families. 25.60% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.70% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.02.

In the county the population was spread out with 26.50% under the age of 18, 9.70% from 18 to 24, 28.60% from 25 to 44, 22.10% from 45 to 64, and 13.10% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 95.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.10 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $30,951, and the median income for a family was $36,665. Males had a median income of $33,080 versus $21,376 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,444. About 15.40% of families and 19.30% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.90% of those under age 18 and 16.50% of those age 65 or over.

Cities and towns

• Fouke
• Garland
• Texarkana

Unincorporated communities

• Doddridge
• Genoa

Townships

Townships in Arkansas are the divisions of a county. Each township includes unincorporated areas and some may have incorporated towns or cities within part of their space. Townships have limited purposes in modern times. However, the US Census does list Arkansas population based on townships (often referred to as "minor civil divisions"). Townships are also of value for historical purposes in terms of genealogical research. Each town or city is within one or more townships in an Arkansas county based on census maps. The townships of Miller County are listed below with the town(s) and/or city that are fully or partially inside them listed in parentheses. ^[8][9]

• Beech (Fouke)
• Cleveland
• Cut Off
• Days Creek
• Garland (Texarkana)
• Homan
• Red River (Garland)
• Sulphur

See also

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Miller County, Arkansas

References

1. ^ "Miller County, Arkansas". Handbook of Texas Online. http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/MM/hcm91.html/. 
2. ^ "Census 2000 U.S. Gazetteer Files: Counties". United States Census. http://www.census.gov/tiger/tms/gazetteer/county2k.txt. Retrieved 2011-02-13. 
3. ^ http://www.census.gov/population/www/censusdata/cencounts/files/ar190090.txt
4. ^ http://factfinder2.census.gov
5. ^ http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu/
6. ^ Based on 2000 census data
7. ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
8. ^ US Census Bureau. 2011 Boundary and Annexation Survey (BAS): Miller County, AR (Map). http://www2.census.gov/geo/pvs/bas/bas11/st05_ar/cou/c05091_miller/BAS11C20509100000_000.pdf. Retrieved 20110824. 
9. ^ http://www.census.gov/geo/www/maps/DC10_GUBlkMap/cousub/dc10blk_st05_cousub.html#M

Coordinates: 33°19′40″N 93°52′38″W / 33.32778°N 93.87722°W / 33.32778; -93.87722