Glutamate aspartate transporter

Glutamate aspartate transporter

Solute carrier family 1 (glial high affinity glutamate transporter), member 3, also known as SLC1A3, is a human gene.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SLC1A3 solute carrier family 1 (glial high affinity glutamate transporter), member 3| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6507| accessdate = ]

The GLutamate ASpartate Transporter (GLAST) is a protein in the inner mitochondrial membrane which is part of the malate-aspartate shuttle.cite journal | author = Ralphe JC, Segar JL, Schutte BC, Scholz TD | title = Localization and function of the brain excitatory amino acid transporter type 1 in cardiac mitochondria | journal = J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. | volume = 37 | issue = 1 | pages = 33–41 | year = 2004 | pmid = 15242733 | doi = 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2004.04.008 | issn = ] GLAST is also often called the Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1 (EAAT1).

Mechanism

GLAST mediates the transport of glutamic and aspartic acid with the cotransport of three Na+ and one H+ cations and counter transport of one K+ cation. This co-transport coupling allows the transport of glutamate into cells against a concentration gradient.cite journal | author = Kanai Y, Hediger MA | title = The glutamate/neutral amino acid transporter family SLC1: molecular, physiological and pharmacological aspects | journal = Pflugers Arch. | volume = 447 | issue = 5 | pages = 469–79 | year = 2004 | pmid = 14530974 | doi = 10.1007/s00424-003-1146-4 | issn = ]

Tissue distribution

GLAST is highly expressed in astrocytes and Bergmann glia in the cerebellum.cite journal | author = Storck T, Schulte S, Hofmann K, Stoffel W | title = Structure, expression, and functional analysis of a Na(+)-dependent glutamate/aspartate transporter from rat brain | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 89 | issue = 22 | pages = 10955–9 | year = 1992 | pmid = 1279699 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.89.22.10955 | issn = ] cite journal | author = Rothstein JD, Martin L, Levey AI, Dykes-Hoberg M, Jin L, Wu D, Nash N, Kuncl RW | title = Localization of neuronal and glial glutamate transporters | journal = Neuron | volume = 13 | issue = 3 | pages = 713–25 | year = 1994 | pmid = 7917301 | doi = 10.1016/0896-6273(94)90038-8 | issn = ] In the retina, GLAST is expressed in Muller cells.cite journal | author = Rauen T, Taylor WR, Kuhlbrodt K, Wiessner M | title = High-affinity glutamate transporters in the rat retina: a major role of the glial glutamate transporter GLAST-1 in transmitter clearance | journal = Cell Tissue Res. | volume = 291 | issue = 1 | pages = 19–31 | year = 1998 | pmid = 9394040 | doi = 10.1007/s004410050976 | issn = ] GLAST is also expressed in a number of other tissues including cardiac myocytes.

Clinical significance

It is associated with type 6 .cite journal | author = Jen JC, Wan J, Palos TP, Howard BD, Baloh RW | title = Mutation in the glutamate transporter EAAT1 causes episodic ataxia, hemiplegia, and seizures | journal = Neurology | volume = 65 | issue = 4 | pages = 529–34 | year = 2005 | pmid = 16116111 | doi = 10.1212/01.wnl.0000172638.58172.5a | issn = ]

References

Further reading

PBB_Further_reading
citations =
*cite journal | author=Arriza JL, Fairman WA, Wadiche JI, "et al." |title=Functional comparisons of three glutamate transporter subtypes cloned from human motor cortex. |journal=J. Neurosci. |volume=14 |issue= 9 |pages= 5559–69 |year= 1994 |pmid= 7521911 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Nomura N, Nagase T, Miyajima N, "et al." |title=Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. II. The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0041-KIAA0080) deduced by analysis of cDNA clones from human cell line KG-1. |journal=DNA Res. |volume=1 |issue= 5 |pages= 223–9 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7584044 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Takai S, Yamada K, Kawakami H, "et al." |title=Localization of the gene (SLC1A3) encoding human glutamate transporter (GluT-1) to 5p13 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. |journal=Cytogenet. Cell Genet. |volume=69 |issue= 3-4 |pages= 209–10 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7698014 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Shashidharan P, Huntley GW, Meyer T, "et al." |title=Neuron-specific human glutamate transporter: molecular cloning, characterization and expression in human brain. |journal=Brain Res. |volume=662 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 245–50 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7859077 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Kirschner MA, Arriza JL, Copeland NG, "et al." |title=The mouse and human excitatory amino acid transporter gene (EAAT1) maps to mouse chromosome 15 and a region of syntenic homology on human chromosome 5. |journal=Genomics |volume=22 |issue= 3 |pages= 631–3 |year= 1995 |pmid= 8001975 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1994.1437
*cite journal | author=Kawakami H, Tanaka K, Nakayama T, "et al." |title=Cloning and expression of a human glutamate transporter. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=199 |issue= 1 |pages= 171–6 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8123008 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.1994.1210
*cite journal | author=Shashidharan P, Plaitakis A |title=Cloning and characterization of a glutamate transporter cDNA from human cerebellum. |journal=Biochim. Biophys. Acta |volume=1216 |issue= 1 |pages= 161–4 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8218410 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Andersson B, Wentland MA, Ricafrente JY, "et al." |title=A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library construction. |journal=Anal. Biochem. |volume=236 |issue= 1 |pages= 107–13 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8619474 |doi= 10.1006/abio.1996.0138
*cite journal | author=Stoffel W, Sasse J, Düker M, "et al." |title=Human high affinity, Na(+)-dependent L-glutamate/L-aspartate transporter GLAST-1 (EAAT-1): gene structure and localization to chromosome 5p11-p12. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=386 |issue= 2-3 |pages= 189–93 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8647279 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Yu W, Andersson B, Worley KC, "et al." |title=Large-scale concatenation cDNA sequencing. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=7 |issue= 4 |pages= 353–8 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9110174 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Dunlop J, Lou Z, McIlvain HB |title=Properties of excitatory amino acid transport in the human U373 astrocytoma cell line. |journal=Brain Res. |volume=839 |issue= 2 |pages= 235–42 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10519046 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Koch HP, Kavanaugh MP, Esslinger CS, "et al." |title=Differentiation of substrate and nonsubstrate inhibitors of the high-affinity, sodium-dependent glutamate transporters. |journal=Mol. Pharmacol. |volume=56 |issue= 6 |pages= 1095–104 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10570036 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Ye ZC, Rothstein JD, Sontheimer H |title=Compromised glutamate transport in human glioma cells: reduction-mislocalization of sodium-dependent glutamate transporters and enhanced activity of cystine-glutamate exchange. |journal=J. Neurosci. |volume=19 |issue= 24 |pages= 10767–77 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10594060 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Szymocha R, Akaoka H, Dutuit M, "et al." |title=Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1-infected T lymphocytes impair catabolism and uptake of glutamate by astrocytes via Tax-1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha. |journal=J. Virol. |volume=74 |issue= 14 |pages= 6433–41 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10864655 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Mordrelle A, Jullian E, Costa C, "et al." |title=EAAT1 is involved in transport of L-glutamate during differentiation of the Caco-2 cell line. |journal=Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. |volume=279 |issue= 2 |pages= G366–73 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10915646 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Seal RP, Shigeri Y, Eliasof S, "et al." |title=Sulfhydryl modification of V449C in the glutamate transporter EAAT1 abolishes substrate transport but not the substrate-gated anion conductance. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=98 |issue= 26 |pages= 15324–9 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11752470 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.011400198
*cite journal | author=Palmada M, Kinne-Saffran E, Centelles JJ, Kinne RK |title=Benzodiazepines differently modulate EAAT1/GLAST and EAAT2/GLT1 glutamate transporters expressed in CHO cells. |journal=Neurochem. Int. |volume=40 |issue= 4 |pages= 321–6 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11792462 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Scott HL, Pow DV, Tannenberg AE, Dodd PR |title=Aberrant expression of the glutamate transporter excitatory amino acid transporter 1 (EAAT1) in Alzheimer's disease. |journal=J. Neurosci. |volume=22 |issue= 3 |pages= RC206 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11826152 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, "et al." |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899
*cite journal | author=Vallat-Decouvelaere AV, Chrétien F, Gras G, "et al." |title=Expression of excitatory amino acid transporter-1 in brain macrophages and microglia of HIV-infected patients. A neuroprotective role for activated microglia? |journal=J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. |volume=62 |issue= 5 |pages= 475–85 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12769187 |doi=

External links

*

PBB_Controls
update_page = yes
require_manual_inspection = no
update_protein_box = yes
update_summary = no
update_citations = yes


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Aspartate transaminase — Aspartate aminotransferase from Escherichia coli bound with cofactor pyridoxal 5 phosphate.[1] Identifiers …   Wikipedia

  • Glutamate transporter — Glutamate transporters, also known as VGLUT, are neurotransmitter transporters that exist in the membranes of neurons and glial cells to remove excess amounts of the neurotransmitters glutamate and aspartate from the synapse. Glutamate is the… …   Wikipedia

  • Neurotransmitter transporter — Neurotransmitter transporters are a class of membrane transport proteins that span the cellular membranes of neurons. Their primary function is to carry neurotransmitters across these membranes and to direct their further transport to specific… …   Wikipedia

  • Metabotropic glutamate receptor — fluorescent micrographs of cells expressing mGluR1 labeled with green fluorescent protein[1] The metabotropic glutamate receptors, or mGluRs, are a type of glutamate receptor that are active through an indirect metabotropic process. They are… …   Wikipedia

  • Mitochondrial membrane transport protein — Mitochondrial membrane transport proteins are proteins which exist in the membranes of mitochondria and which serve to transport[1] molecules and other factors such as ions into or out of the organelles. Examples Examples of mitochondrial… …   Wikipedia

  • Mitochondrial carrier — Mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier Identifiers Symbol Mito carr Pfam …   Wikipedia

  • SLC1A2 — Solute carrier family 1 (glial high affinity glutamate transporter), member 2, also known as SLC1A2, is a human gene.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SLC1A2 solute carrier family 1 (glial high affinity glutamate transporter), member 2| url =… …   Wikipedia

  • Creatine kinase — Crystals of creatine kinase Creatine kinase (CK), also known as creatine phosphokinase (CPK) or phospho creatine kinase (and sometimes incorrectly as creatinine kinase), is an enzyme (EC 2.7.3.2) expressed by various tissues and cell types. CK… …   Wikipedia

  • NADH dehydrogenase — Structure of NADH dehydrogenase Identifiers EC number 1.6.5.3 …   Wikipedia

  • Succinate dehydrogenase — (ubiquinone) Subunits: SdhA, SdhB, SdhC and SdhD Identifiers EC number …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”