Johannes von Gmunden

:"Johannes von Gmünd is also the name of a 14th century architect, see Basel Münster"

Johannes von Gmunden (Johannes de Gamundia, c. 1380 – 1442) was a German/Austrian astronomer, mathematician and humanist.

He received the degree of a master of arts at Vienna University in 1406. From 1408, he was a lecturer at Vienna University, lecturing on Aristotle's "Physics" (1408) and "Meteora" (1409, 1411), Peter of Spain (1410) and "algorismus de minutiis" (1412). He fell seriously ill in 1412, and in 1415 and 1416 studied theology, completing a bachelor degree in 1416.He continued lecturing only in 1419, on "algorismus de integris". From 1420, Johannes was permitted to restrict his teaching to the specialized field of the mathematical of astronomy, focussing on Euclid's "Elements" and the "Sphaera materialis" of John Holywood. With the aid of students (Weidler's 1741 "Historia astronomiae" names Georg Pruneck of Ruspach, Georg of Neuenburg, Johannes Schinkel and Johannes Feldner) he compiled voluminous astronomical tables.In 1425, he was elected canon at St. Stephen's Cathedral. Georg von Peuerbach succeeded him at Vienna University in 1450.

John's origins are somewhat disputed. He was probably born in Gmunden, Upper Austria, but there were also suggestions connecting him with Gmünd, Lower Austria, or that he was a Swabian from Schwäbisch Gmünd who studied in Ulm in his youth, based on a document written at Ulm in 1404 by one "Johannes Wissbier de gamundia".

Legacy

*Asteroid 15955 Johannesgmunden is named after him.

Works

*"Astrolabii qui primi mobilis motus deprehendur canones" (1515)

Literature

*P. Uiblein, Johannes von Gmunden, in: "Beiträge zur Wiener Diözesangeschichte" 15, 1974
*E. Prillinger (Hrsg.): "Die Zeit kommt vom Himmel: von der Astronomie zum Kalender. Zum Gedächtnis Johannes von Gmunden, 1384-1442," 1984.
*Helmuth Grössing: "Johannes von Gmunden in seiner Zeit," In: "Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften" 3-4 (1985) S.66-72

References

*John Mundy, "John of Gmunden", "Isis," The History of Science Society (1943).