Sikorsky S-61R

Sikorsky S-61R

Infobox Aircraft
name = S-61R/CH-3C/E
HH-3E Jolly Green Giant
HH-3F "Pelican"




caption = US Coast Guard HH-3F "Pelican"
type = Medium-lift transport/SAR helicopter
manufacturer = Sikorsky
Agusta
designer =
first flight = 1959
introduction = 1961
retired =
status = Active service
primary user = United States Air Force
more users = United States Coast Guard
Italian Air Force
produced=
number built=
unit cost=
developed from = SH-3 Sea King
variants with their own articles = Westland Sea King

The Sikorsky S-61R is a developed version of the S-61/SH-3 Sea King, which was also built under license by Agusta as the AS-61R. The S-61R served in the United States Air Force as the CH-3C/E Sea King and the HH-3E Jolly Green Giant, and with the United States Coast Guard as the HH-3F "Pelican".United States. Department of Defense. "DOD 4120.15-L Model Designation of Military Aircraft, Rockets, and Guided Missiles." Washington, DC: Department of Defense, 1974. pg. A-40; 1998. pg. A-43; 2004. pg. 43]

Development

The Sikorsky S-61R was developed as a derivative of their S-61/SH-3 Sea King model. It features a substantially-revised fuselage with a rear loading ramp, a conventional though water-tight hull instead of the S-61's boat-hull, and retractable tricycle landing gear. The fuselage layout was used by Sikorsky for the larger CH-53 variants, and by the much later (though similarly-sized) S-92.

Sikorsky designed and built a S-61R prototype as a private venture with its first flight in 1963. [http://avia.russian.ee/helicopters_eng/sik_jolly.php Sikorsky S-61R] , avia.russian.ee] During its development, the US Air Force placed an order for the aircraft, which was designated CH-3C. The Air Force used the CH-3C to recover downed pilots. The CH-3E variant with more powerful engines would follow in 1965.

The improved HH-3E variant would follow later, with eight built, and all CH-3Es converted to this standard.cite book |last= Chant |first= Christopher |authorlink= |coauthors= |title= Fighting Helicopters of the 20th Century |year= 1996 |publisher= Tiger Books International PLC |location= Twickenham, UK |isbn= 1-85501-808-X ] Known as the "Jolly Green Giant", the HH-3E featured protective armor, self-sealing tanks, a retractable inflight refueling probe, jettisonable external tanks, a high-speed hoist, and other specialized equipment.

In 1965, U. S. Coast Guard ordered a version designated, HH-3F Sea King (more commonly known by its nickname "Pelican") for all-weather water rescue. The Pelican featured a search radar with a nose antenna radome offset to port, and water landing capability.

Italian Agusta built a S-61R variant, named AS-61R under license. Agusta produced 22 helicopters for the Italian Air Force. The company claims it could re-open the production line in 36 months to build additional AS-61 helicopters.

Operational service

United States

USAF variants served in numerous air rescue squadrons and aerospace rescue and recovery squadons of the Military Airlift Command (MAC), rescue squadrons of the Air Combat Command (ACC) and other USAF major commands world-wide. The aircraft was also used by a number of Air Force Reserve and Air National Guard rescue squadrons. All USAF HH-3Es, to include Air Force Reserve and Air National Guard, were retired in the 1990s and replaced by the current HH-60G Pavehawk.

HH-3F Sea King was a dependable workhorse from the late 1960s until it was phased out in the late 1990s. All USCG HH-3Fs have since been replaced by the HH-60J Jayhawk.

Italy

Italian Agusta began production in 1974 and delivered 22 helicopters as replacements for the Grumman HU-16 Albatross used for SAR (Search and Rescue) missions at sea. Italian Air Force AS-61R helicopters perform SAR missions in time of peace and C/SAR (Combat SAR) in time of crisis or during military assignment. All helicopters are operated by the 5 flights of the 15° Stormo "Stefano Cagna" and deployed in 4 bases across Italy.

From 1993 15° Stormo carry support missions to the civilians during natural catastrophes and disasters in Italy. 83º Centro C/SAR is engaged with SAR missions in the hostile zones of the several operations abroad where Italian Armed Forces are deployed - Somalia, Albania, Bosnia, Kosovo, Iraq and Afghanistan.

Variants

;S-61R:Military transport helicopter, Sikorsky model number. ;;CH-3C::Long-range military transport helicopter for the US Air Force, 75 built.;;CH-3E::Long-range military transport helicopter for the US Air Force, 45 Built.;;HH-3E Jolly Green Giant::Long-range search and rescue helicopter for the US Air Force, 10 built and converted from CH-3E.;;MH-3E::Special Operations version for the US Air Force.;;VH-3E::US Air Force VIP transport helicopter.;;HH-3F "Pelican"::Long-range search and rescue helicopter for the US Coast Guard, 40 built.;AS-61R (HH-3F Pelican):Long-range search and rescue helicopter built since 1974 under license in Italy by Agusta, 22 built.

Operators

Military operators

;ARG
* Argentine Navy - Received 2 S-61RsFact|date=June 2008;ITA
* Italian Air Force - Received 22 helicopters. All are operated by the 15° Stormo "Stefano Cagna", part of the 9ª Brigata Aerea (Aerial Brigade).Fact|date=June 2008 Helicopters of the 15° Stormo were deployed in 5 flights in different parts of the Italian peninsula.
** 81° Centro, Training SAR, Pratica di Mare AB
** 82° Centro C/SAR, Trapani
** 83º Centro C/SAR, Rimini-Miramare AB
** 84° Centro C/SAR, Brindisi
** 85° Centro C/SAR, Pratica di Mare AB;TUN
* Tunisian Air Force - Operates a single HH-3EFact|date=June 2008;USA
* United States Air Force
* United States Coast Guard

Civil operators

;USA
* Evergreen Helicopters, Inc.
* San Bernardino County Sherrif's Department (CH-3C)

pecifications (HH-3E)

aircraft specifications
plane or copter?=copter
jet or prop?=prop
ref=Evergreen, [ [http://www.evergreenaviation.com/EHI/specsheets/s61.html EvergreenAviation.com S-61R specs] ] Global [ [http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/aircraft/hh-3-specs.htm HH-3 specificatins on GlobalSecurity.org] ]
crew=3
capacity=28 passengers
length main=73 ft
length alt=22.3 m
height main=18 ft 1 in
height alt=5.51 m
span main=62 ft
span alt=18.9 m
area main=
area alt=
empty weight main=13,341 lb
empty weight alt= 6,051 kg
loaded weight main=
loaded weight alt=
max takeoff weight main=22,050 lb
max takeoff weight alt=10,000 kg
more general=*Rotor system: 5 blades
engine (prop)=General Electric T58-10
type of prop=turboshafts
number of props=2
power main= 1,500 hp
power alt= 1,119 kW
max speed main=143 kn
max speed alt=165 mph, 265 km/h
range main=779 mi
range alt=677 NM, 1,254 km
ceiling main=17,500 or 21,000? ft
ceiling alt= 5,334 m or 6,400 m
climb rate main=1,310-2,220? ft/min
climb rate alt=400-670? m/min
loading main=6,500 lb
loading alt= 2,948 kg
power/mass main=
power/mass alt=
more performance=*Fuel: 683 US gal (2,585 L)
armament=
* Various equipment peculiar to the operating country.
* Door guns on some variants (For information on American equipment, see "Main article: U.S. Helicopter Armament Subsystems)

ee also

aircontent
related=
* SH-3 Sea King
* CH-53 Sea Stallion
* HH-53 "Super Jolly Green Giant"/MH-53 Pave Low
similar=
* Mi-14 Haze
lists=
see also=

References

External links

* [http://www.sikorsky.com/details/0,9602,CLI1_DIV69_ETI1025,00.html Sikorsky products]
* [http://www.uscg.mil/history/h_aviation.html US Coast Guard history page]
* [http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/aircraft/ch-3.htm CH-3] , [http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/aircraft/hh-3.htm HH-3] and [http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/aircraft/hh-3f.htm HH-3F Pelican pages on GlobalSecurity.org]
* [http://avia.russian.ee/helicopters_eng/sik_jolly.php Sikorsky S-61R page on avia.russian.ee]


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