Mir-133 microRNA precursor family

mir-133 is a type of non-coding RNA called a microRNA that was first experimentally characterised in mice [cite journal | last = Lagos-Quintana | first = M | coauthors = Rauhut R, Yalcin A, Meyer J, Lendeckel W, Tuschl T | year = 2002 | title = Identification of tissue-specific microRNAs from mouse | journal = Curr Biol | volume = 12 | pages = 735–739 | pmid = 12007417 | doi = 10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00809-6] and homologues have since been discovered in several other species including invertebrates such as the fruitfly "Drosophila melanogaster". Each species often encodes multiple microRNAs with identical or similar mature sequence. For example, in the human genome there are three known miR-133 genes: miR-133a-1, miR-133a-2 and miR-133b found on chromosomes 18, 20 and 6 respectively. The mature sequence is excised from the 3' arm of the hairpin. miR-133 is expressed in muscle tissue and appears to repress the expression of non-muscle genes.cite journal |author=Ivey KN, Muth A, Arnold J, "et al" |title=MicroRNA regulation of cell lineages in mouse and human embryonic stem cells |journal=Cell Stem Cell |volume=2 |issue=3 |pages=219–29 |year=2008 |month=March |pmid=18371447 |doi=10.1016/j.stem.2008.01.016 |url=]

Targets of miR-133

microRNAs act by lowering the expression of genes by binding to target sites in the 3' UTR of the mRNAs. Luo "et al". demonstrated that the HCN2 K⁺ channel gene contains a target of miR-133.cite journal |author=Luo X, Lin H, Pan Z, "et al" |title=Downregulation of MIRNA-1/MIRNA-133 contributes to re-expression of pacemaker channel genes HCN2 and HCN4 in hypertrophic heart |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume= |issue= |pages= |year=2008 |month=May |pmid=18458081 |doi=10.1074/jbc.M801035200 |url=] Yin "et al". showed that the Mps1 kinase gene in zebrafish is a target.cite journal |author=Yin VP, Thomson JM, Thummel R, Hyde DR, Hammond SM, Poss KD |title=Fgf-dependent depletion of microRNA-133 promotes appendage regeneration in zebrafish |journal=Genes Dev. |volume=22 |issue=6 |pages=728–33 |year=2008 |month=March |pmid=18347091 |doi=10.1101/gad.1641808 |url=] Luo "et al". demonstrated that the voltage gated K⁺ channel KCNQ1 is a target.cite journal |author=Luo X, Xiao J, Lin H, "et al" |title=Transcriptional activation by stimulating protein 1 and post-transcriptional repression by muscle-specific microRNAs of IKs-encoding genes and potential implications in regional heterogeneity of their expressions |journal=J. Cell. Physiol. |volume=212 |issue=2 |pages=358–67 |year=2007 |month=August |pmid=17443681 |doi=10.1002/jcp.21030 |url=] Boutz "et al". showed that nPTB (neuronal polypyrimidine tract-binding protein) is a target and likely contains two target sites for miR-133.cite journal |author=Boutz PL, Chawla G, Stoilov P, Black DL |title=MicroRNAs regulate the expression of the alternative splicing factor nPTB during muscle development |journal=Genes Dev. |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=71–84 |year=2007 |month=January |pmid=17210790 |doi=10.1101/gad.1500707 |url=] Xiao "et al". show that ether-a-go-go related gene (ERG) a K⁺ channel is a target of miR-133.cite journal |author=Xiao J, Luo X, Lin H, "et al" |title=MicroRNA miR-133 represses HERG K+ channel expression contributing to QT prolongation in diabetic hearts |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=282 |issue=17 |pages=12363–7 |year=2007 |month=April |pmid=17344217 |doi=10.1074/jbc.C700015200 |url=]

References

External links

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* [http://microrna.sanger.ac.uk/cgi-bin/sequences/mirna_summary.pl?fam=MIPF0000029 miRBase entry for mir-133]