CSS Raleigh (1861)

:"For other ships named "Raleigh", see ""CSS "Raleigh"."CSS "Raleigh" was originally a small, iron-hulled, propeller-driven towing steamer operating on the Albemarle and Chesapeake Canal. She was taken over by the State of North Carolina in May 1861, and transferred to the Confederate States the following July. Her commanding officer during 1861-62 was Lieutenant Joseph W. Alexander, CSN. Her entire service was in coastal waters of North Carolina and Virginia and in the James River as part of the James River Squadron.

"Raleigh" supported Fort Hatteras and Fort Clark on August 28-29, 1861; took part in an expedition on October 1 to capture United States Army steamer "Fanny" with valuable stores on board; and accompanied CSS "Sea Bird" when she reconnoitered Pamlico Sound on January 20, 1862. She was also active in defense of Roanoke Island against an amphibious assault by overwhelming Federal forces on February 7-8, 1862, and at Elizabeth City, North Carolina 2 days later. Thence "Raleigh" escaped through Dismal Swamp Canal to Norfolk, Virginia.

On March 8-9, 1862, "Raleigh" was tender to CSS "Virginia" during the historic battle of ironclads at Hampton Roads, for which she received the thanks of the Confederate Congress.

With the Federal recapture of Norfolk Navy Yard in May 1862, "Raleigh" steamed up the James River, but thereafter a shortage of crew members restricted her to flag-of-truce or patrol service.

"Raleigh", renamed "Roanoke" near the end of the war, was destroyed by the Confederates on April 4, 1865 upon the evacuation of Richmond, Virginia.

Commanders

The commanders of the CSS "Raleigh" were:Coski (1996), John M. "Capital Navy: The Men, Ships and Operations of the James River Squadron", Campbell, CA: Savas Woodbury Publishers. ISBN 1-882810-03-1.]

* Lieutenant Joseph W. Alexander (1861-1862)
* Lieutenant Maxwell T. Clarke (1863-June 1864)
* Lieutenant Mortimer Murray Benton (during June 1864)
* Master's Mate A.E. Albertson (July 31, 1864-)
* Acting Master W. Frank Shippey (October-December 1864)
* Lieutenant William Wonder Pollock (January 1865-end of war)

Notes and references

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