Mataram (city)

Not to be confused with Matraman, Mataram (disambiguation), Mataram Kingdom, or Mataram Sultanate.

Mataram Provincial Capital of West Nusa Tenggara
Coat of arms
Location of Mataram in West Nusa Tenggara
Mataram Location in Lombok
Mataram Location in Indonesia
Coordinates: 8°35′S 116°7′E / 8.583°S 116.117°E / -8.583; 116.117Coordinates: 8°35′S 116°7′E / 8.583°S 116.117°E / -8.583; 116.117
Country	Indonesia
Province	West Nusa Tenggara[1]
Island	Lombok
sub-districts	6
Government
– Type	Kecamatan
Area
– Total	61.30 km2 (23.7 sq mi)
Population (2008[2])
– Total	402,296
– Density	6,562.7/km2 (16,997.4/sq mi)
– Ethnicities	Sasak, Balinese, Tionghoa-peranakan, Sumbawa people, Flores people, Arab Indonesian
– Religions	Islam, Christianity, Hinduism, Catholicism, Buddhism
	2010 Census
Time zone	WITA (UTC+8)
Website	http://www.mataramkota.go.id/
Previously Capital of West Lombok Mayor-H Ahyar Abduh–H Mohan Roliskana Mayoral tenure 2010 - 2015

Mataram (Kota Mataram) is the capital of the Province of West Nusa Tenggara (Nusa Tenggara Barat). The city is situated within Lombok Barat Regency (Kabupaten Lombok Barat) and lies on the western side of the island of Lombok, Indonesia. It is also the largest city of the province, and had a population of 402,296 at the 2010 Census.

In addition to serving as the provincial capital, Mataram has also become the center of government, education, commerce, industry and services. Three towns constitute the Mataram area; from west to east, these are Ampenan, Mataram, and Cakranegara. They are distinct towns, but run together. Broadly, Ampenan is an aging port city, Mataram is the governmental and office center for the province, and Cakranegara is the major commercial center on the island. There are six subdistricts of Mataram, namely Ampenan, Cakranegara, Mataram, Pejanggik, Selaparang, and Sekarbela. The Mataram district area contains 50 Kampungs (villages/neighbourhoods) and 297 (RT) kampung sub-sections.

The city is served by the Lombok International Airport (Bandara Internasional Lombok) (IATA: LOP, ICAO: WADL) in Central Lombok, by the Lembar Harbour seaport in the southwest and Labuhan Lombok ferry port on the east coast which provides connection to Poto Tano on Sumbawa. Mataram is located near west coast of Lombok, so it is very close to the island's tourism centre of Senggigi beach, which is a short distance northward from Ampenan.

Mataram was previously a part of West Lombok district before the division of the region. The capital of West Lombok was moved to Gerung in the year 2000.^[3][4]

Mataram was also the seat of power for the king of Mataram (Seraja), which was sometimes controlled through neighboring Singaraja, Bali.

Administration

• TGH M Zainul Majdi, MA., Governor of NTB (West Nusa Tenggara), (Mataram is the Provincial Capital of West Nusa Tenggara)
• H Ahyar Abduh – H Mohan Roliskana, SSos, MH, was inaugurated and sworn-in to the office of the Mayor of Mataram, tenure 2010-2015, in the Office of the Mayor of Mataram on Tuesday (10/08/2010), Mayor of Mataram. Political participation in the election of the new Mayor of the city of Mataram was 175,386 or 63.2% of total permanent 277,499 enrolled voters.^[5]

Administrative boundaries

Boundary	District	Regency
North	Gunung Sari, Kecamatan Gunung Sari	West Lombok Regency
South	Labu Api, Kecamatan Labu Api	West Lombok Regency
West		Lombok Strait
East	Narmada, Kecamatan Narmada	West Lombok Regency

The city has 6 districts and comprising 50 kampungs.^[6]

Districts

• Cakranegara
• Mataram
• Selaparang
• Pejanggik
• Ampenan
• Sekarbela

Services and development

The city power supply is provided by a PLN^[7] generating plant on the west coast of the island just south of Ampenan. Mataram and the island as a whole have suffered from serious power supply problems for many years building to a crisis point in mid 2010. Despite assurances by PLN to provide a stable supply by August 2010, the problem endured and the island is still subject to ongoing and frequent daily power outages.^[8][9]

C1949, a woman in a Mataram laneway (gang) in 1949

The city water supply is sourced primarily from the slopes of Mount Rinjani and the city has a system of small dams to buffer the system. The water supply in Lombok is stressed, so accordingly the city's water supply is under strain. West Nusa Tenggara province is broadly threatened with a water crisis caused by increasing forest and water table damage and degradation. 160 thousand hectares of a total of 1960 thousand hectares are thought to have been affected. The Head of Built Environment and Security Forest Service Forest West Nusa Tenggara Andi Pramari stated on Wednesday, May 6, 2009 that, "If this situation is not addressed it can be expected that within five years it may be difficult for people to obtain water in this part of NTB (West Nusa Tenggara). Not only that, the productivity of agriculture in value added will fall, and the residents are experiencing water deficiency in their wells". High cases of timber theft in the NTB region are contributing to this problem.^[10]

Due to the delays in opening the new Lombok International Airport in Central Lombok, the proposed closure of Selaparang Airport in Ampenan was extensively delayed. The older airport on the city's outskirts continued to be used for both domestic and international flights up until it's closure on 30 September 2011.

• The expansion of Lombok’s Selaparang Airport was restricted by the proximity of hills to the north. The current state of urban development was major constraint to an expansion of that airports existing runway and taxiways. The opening of the new Bandara Internasional Lombok airport is expected to significantly enhance the development of Mataram city and West Nusa Tenggara province.
• The Lombok International Airport is a new international airport established to the south east of the city of Mataram and to the immediate south of the small city of Praya.
• Project milestones for the US$ 138.9 million Lombok project (Phase 1) are: Review of the 1993 Master Plan in 2005; detailed design 2005-2006; investment bidding 2005-2007; construction bidding 2007; implementation 2008-2011; operation from 2011 onwards.^[11]

The University of Mataram was established on October 1, 1962. It is situated in the city of Mataram.^[12] The university is the principal provider of tertiary education in the province.

Demographics

Of the population of around 362,243 (2008) 177,719 persons are male and 184,524 are female.^[13]

In the city of Mataram in 2008 Central Bureau of Statistics West Nusa Tenggara Province figures indicate that of the ciy's population 40.74% were unmarried, 52.01% were married, 2.51% were divorced, and 4.75% were of a widowed status.^[14]

In 2008 the City of Mataram had 90,748 households and an average of 3.99 persons per household.^[15]

Historic monument^{[clarification needed]} in Mataram

Ethnicity

The Sasak people are the indigenous people of Lombok and form the majority of Mataram's residents. Mataram is also home to people of Baliese, Chinese, Tionghoa-peranakan people of mixed Indonesian and Chinese descent and small number of Arab Indonesian people, mainly of Yemeni descent who settled in the early port city of Ampenan. Although urban dwellers the Sasak people of Mataram still identify strongly with their origins and the Sasak culture. The outbreak of riots in Lombok January 17, 2000 is considered to have been initiated by outside influences. After the troubles passed Mataram's community returned to living in relative harmony.

Religion

Islam is the religion of the majority population of Mataram. Other religion's practised in Mataram are Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Confucianism. Mutual respect and tolerance of other peoples beliefs allow the community of Mataram to live together in harmony.

Language

Mataram society normally the Sasak language. Bahasa Sasak is the native language of the indigenous people of Lombok. Indonesian is the language most widely used in formal business, education and government contexts. When at home or a place of recreation Mataram residents tend to use Mataram Sasak language.

Transportation

By air

Lombok International Airport (Bandara Internasional Lombok) (IATA: LOP, ICAO: WADL) is south west of the small regional city of [Praya] in south central Lombok. It commenced servicing airline operations on 1 October 2011. The new international airport will provide facilities for wide bodied aircraft and more modern terminal and cargo facilities.

Selaparang Airport is in Ampenan. It was closed for operations on the evening of 30 September 2011. It still retains intact domestic and international terminal buildings. The airport previously provided facilities for limited international connections to Singapore provided by Silk Air and international flights to Kuala Lumpur provided by Garuda and Merpati airlines that previously departed from the Domestic terminal. It also provided services for domestic air links to Java, Bali and Sumbawa. All existing air services were moved across to the new airport when the operations at Selaparang ceased.

By sea

The city is serviced by the port of Tanjung Lembar in the south west of Lombok. Tanjung Lembar provides limited light shipping facilities and a ferry terminal for vehicle and passenger services. These ferries connecting to nearby Bali provide the principal facilities for goods movements in and out of Mataram. The port of Labuhan Lombok on the east coast provides vehicle and passenger services to Poto Tano on Sumbawa Island. Disruptions can significantly effect trade and the provision of supplies to the city of Mataram as the shipping operators on these routes will often suspend services due to breakdown or heavy seas.

Pelni Shipping Lines,^[16] the principal national shipping line providing a sea-borne passenger service throughout the archipelago of Indonesia has an office in Mataram.

By road

Significant road improvements have occurred in the 2009-2010 including further development of a partial ring road system circumnavigating the outer areas of Mataram. The proposed road link between the city and the site of the new international airport has endured extended delays and is a contentious issue. Problems have been encountered securing right or way over the proposed route and conflicts have developed with local communities over the siting and construction of the road. ^[17][18][19]

The road-sea bridge for trucks and other vehicles is provided by drive on-drive off ferry services at the port of Tanjung Lembar in the southeast of the island and the port of Labuhan Lombok in the east.

Attractions

• Mayura Garden Taman Mayura is a water palace built in 1744. This was a location of some of the fierce battles that took place between Dutch and Balinese forces in 1894.

• Narmada Park Taman Narmada. is located 10 km east of Mataram, this park was the relaxation place for the king during the time of feudalism. This park has a Hindu temple and swimming pool. It also has a fountain which is called "Youth Fountain", believed to give long life to a person that drinks its water.

• Museum of West Nusa Tenggara, Museum Negeri Nusa Tenggara Barat. The NTB museum has exhibits on the geology, history and culture of Lombok and nearby Sumbawa.

Places of Interest

• Pura Meru
• Pura Segara
• Loang Baloq
• Old Town Ampenan
• Senggigi Beach
• Batu Bolong
• Kute Beach Lombok
• Tanjung A'nn beach
• Gili Islands

Shopping

• Mataram mall
• MGM Supermarket
• Ruby Supermarket

Hotels

• Lombok Raya Hotel
• Hotel Grand Legi
• Hotel Nitour
• Hotel Chandra
• Hotel Handayani

References

1. ^ http://www.ntbprov.go.id
2. ^ http://ntb.bps.go.id/index.php/kependudukan/51-jumlah-penduduk-dan-rasio-jenis-kelamin-tahun-2008 Jumlah Penduduk Kota Mataram tahun 2008 menurut BPS NTB
3. ^ http://www.lombokutarakab.go.id/ Kabupaten Lombok Utara the Regency of North Lombok|downloaded 29 Aug 2010
4. ^ http://www.lombokbaratkab.go.id/ Kabupaten Lombok Barat, the Regency of West Lombok|downloaded 29 Aug 2010
5. ^ "NEWS NTB - CITY MATARAM-Governor: Mataram, NTB election Most Conducive". Website Resmi Provinsi NTB. NTBPROV.GO.ID, Website of the Province of West Nusa Tenggara. 10 Aug 2010. http://www.ntbprov.go.id/baca.php?berita=13. Retrieved 31 August 2010. 
6. ^ "Letak Geografis Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat". Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. 13 Dec 2009. http://ntb.bps.go.id/index.php/geografis-dan-wilayah-administrasi. Retrieved 30 Aug 2010. 
7. ^ www.pln.co.id/
8. ^ "National power supply in dire straits: PLN, The Jakarta Post, Jakarta". Tue, 07/27/2010 10:35 PM, National. http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/07/27/national-power-supply-dire-straits-pln.html. 
9. ^ "Blackouts persist, despite presidential ban, The Jakarta Post, Mataram". Fri, 08/27/2010 11:21 AM. http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/08/27/blackouts-persist-despite-presidential-ban.html. 
10. ^ "NTB Akan Alami Krisis Air Bersih". Official Website of the Province of NTB. July 20, 2010. http://www.ntbprov.go.id/baca.php?berita=4. Retrieved 31 Aug 2010. 
11. ^ http://www.airports.org/aci/aci/file/ADN%20-%20Momberger/ACI-ADN%20Dec%202005.pdf
12. ^ http://www.unram.ac.id
13. ^ "Jumlah Penduduk dan Rasio Jenis Kelamin Menurut Kabupaten". di Provinsi NTB Tahun 2008. Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. 11 December 2009. http://ntb.bps.go.id/index.php/kependudukan/51-jumlah-penduduk-dan-rasio-jenis-kelamin-tahun-2008. Retrieved 2010-08-30. 
14. ^ "Percentage of Population Aged 10 Years and Over and Marital Status 2008In West Nusa Tenggara Province in March 2008 - March 2009". Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat (Central Bureau of Statistics West Nusa Tenggara Province).. December 11, 2009. http://ntb.bps.go.id/index.php/kependudukan/52-jumlah-rumah-tangga-dan-rata-rata-anggota-rumah-tangga-tahun-2008. 
15. ^ "Letak Geografis Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat (Letak Geografis Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat)". 13Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat Dec 2009. http://ntb.bps.go.id/index.php/geografis-dan-wilayah-administrasi. Retrieved 30 Aug 2010. 
16. ^ Pelni Shipping Lines
17. ^ http://www.balidiscovery.com/messages/message.asp?Id=5840 | Delays in Opening of Lombok's New Airport, Lombok International Airport Likely to Open in Mid-2010 | 2/27/2010)
18. ^ http://www.antaranews.com/en/news/1276516996/ntb-governor-to-brief-central-govt-on-bil-project | NTB governor to brief central govt on bil projectAntara News | Mon, June 14, 2010 19:03 WIB | Economic & Business | Downloaded 29 Aug 2010
19. ^ http://bali-news-views.blogspot.com/2010/06/vp-orders-new-bali-and-lombok-airports.html | VP Orders new Bali and Lombok Airports to be Operational soon, Indonesian Digest, Weds, 30 June 2010 |Downloaded 28 Aug 2010

External links

• Kabupaten Lombok Utara the Regency of North Lombok
• Kabupaten Lombok Tengah, the Regency of Central Lombok
• Kabupaten Lombok Timur, the Regency of East Lombok
• Kabupaten Lombok Barat, the Regency of West Lombok
• Nusa Teggara Barat, West Nusa Teggara
• Kota Mataram, City of Mataram

Lombok travel guide from Wikitravel

• Mataram travel guide from Wikitravel